{"id":4138,"date":"2018-10-07T11:18:58","date_gmt":"2018-10-07T11:18:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iuhrdf.org\/en\/2018\/10\/07\/chinas-re-education-camps-million-muslims-what-everyone-needs-know\/"},"modified":"2018-10-07T11:18:58","modified_gmt":"2018-10-07T11:18:58","slug":"chinas-re-education-camps-million-muslims-what-everyone-needs-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/chinas-re-education-camps-million-muslims-what-everyone-needs-know\/","title":{"rendered":"China\u2019s Re-Education Camps For A Million Muslims: What Everyone Needs To Know"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><em>A human rights atrocity is unfolding in western China, where the \u201centire culture\u201d of Uyghur Muslims is being effectively criminalized, scholars say. Arbitrary detentions in \u201ctransformation through education\u201d camps now reach up to 1 million Muslims in the Xinjiang region.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><em>Let us explain.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/#Overview\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">Overview<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/#Timeline%20of%20recent%20reporting,%20from%20October%202017%20to%20present\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">Timeline of recent reporting, from October 2017 to present<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/#Re-education%20camps:%20What%20we%20know\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">Re-education camps: What we know<\/a><\/strong><br \/><em>\u201cCrimes\u201d and punishment \u2022 Prominent Uyghurs detained \u2022 UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/#China's%20response\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">China\u2019s response<\/a><\/strong><br \/><em>\u201cThere is no such thing as so-called \u2018re-education camps\u2019 in Xinjiang\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/#Why%20now?\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">Why now?<\/a><\/strong><br \/><em>Chen Quanguo \u2022 Belt and Road \u2022 \u201cStability\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/#The%20bigger%20story:%20Global%20significance\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">The bigger story: Global significance<\/a><\/strong><br \/><em>Uyghurs abroad \u2022 Experimental surveillance \u2022 International response \u2022 Journalist harassment<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><em>Top photo: One of the few publicly available images of mass incarcerated ethnic minorities in the Xinjiang region of China shows inmates of the \u201cLop County number 4 education and training center\u201d (\u6d1b\u6d66\u53bf\u7b2c\u56db\u6559\u80b2\u57f9\u8bad\u4e2d\u5fc3 lu\u00f2p\u01d4 xi\u00e0n d\u00ec s\u00ec ji\u00e0oy\u00f9 p\u00e9ix\u00f9n zh\u014dngx\u012bn) listening to a \u201cde-extremification\u201d (\u53bb\u6781\u7aef\u5316 q\u00f9 j\u00eddu\u0101n hu\u00e0) speech on April 7, 2018. Photo identified by&nbsp;<\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/XJscholars\/status\/1031604234536603648\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Concerned Scholars of Xinjiang<\/a><\/em><em>, full-resolution image courtesy of Twitter user&nbsp;<\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AYNUR22630941\/status\/1029156748714602496\/photo\/1\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">@AYNUR22630941<\/a><\/em><em>, original source&nbsp;<\/em><em><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180820154817\/https:\/\/baijiahao.baidu.com\/s?id=1564669932542581&amp;wfr=spider&amp;for=pc\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">archived here<\/a><\/em><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/uyghurs-top-photo.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b>Who are the Uyghurs and what is happening in Xinjiang?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>Uyghurs are a Muslim Turkic-speaking<\/strong>&nbsp;ethnic minority in China. Uyghurs (also spelled Uighur \u2014 either way, pronounced WEE-gur) \u2014 about 10 million people \u2014 live mostly in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), the farthest west and most heavily Muslim jurisdiction under Beijing\u2019s control. The total population of Xinjiang is around 22 million.<\/li>\n<li><strong>After ethnic riots<\/strong>&nbsp;in Xinjiang\u2019s capital,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/July_2009_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_riots\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Urumqi, in 2009<\/a>&nbsp;that left nearly 200 people dead \u2014 and following Uyghur-connected terrorist attacks in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2013_Tiananmen_Square_attack\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Beijing in 2013<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2014_Kunming_attack\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Kunming<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/May_2014_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_attack\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Urumqi<\/a>&nbsp;in 2014 \u2014 extreme measures have been taken to lock down Xinjiang and restrict the mobility and speech of the Uyghur population.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Xinjiang is now a totalitarian police state&nbsp;<\/strong>of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/07\/25\/a-police-state-of-historic-proportion-criminal-arrests-up-731-percent-in-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">historic proportions<\/a>&nbsp;\u2014 it is widely cited as one of the most heavily policed places in the world today. Public security budgets have skyrocketed and futuristic surveillance systems have been pioneered in the region. As a result, over 20 percent of all criminal arrests in China happens in Xinjiang, despite the fact that the region contains only 1.5 percent of the country\u2019s population.<\/li>\n<li><strong>The official justification&nbsp;<\/strong>for such extreme measures is \u201ccounterterrorism\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.globaltimes.cn\/content\/1115022.shtml\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">social stability<\/a>.\u201d But human rights groups have long argued that the level of repression is excessive,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/qz.com\/993601\/china-uyghur-terrorism\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">counterproductive<\/a>, and a human rights violation, as it effectively&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/05\/15\/opinion\/china-re-education-camps.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">censures all expressions<\/a>&nbsp;of Uyghur culture, even normal religious and linguistic traditions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Alarming reports of a mass internment system<\/strong>&nbsp;have come out in the past year. Adrian Zenz, a researcher at the European School of Culture and Theology in Korntal, Germany,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamestown.org\/program\/evidence-for-chinas-political-re-education-campaign-in-xinjiang\/\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\">revealed the scope of the internment campaign<\/a>&nbsp;and documented that construction of the camps began in earnest in March 2017.<\/li>\n<li><strong>In the camps, officials seek to brainwash prisoners<\/strong>&nbsp;to disavow Islam and pledge loyalty to the Communist Party, and torture those who refuse,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/6e151296fb194f85ba69a8babd972e4b\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">eyewitnesses<\/a>&nbsp;have&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/asia_pacific\/former-inmates-of-chinas-muslim-re-education-camps-tell-of-brainwashing-torture\/2018\/05\/16\/32b330e8-5850-11e8-8b92-45fdd7aaef3c_story.html?utm_term=.2064674ee3c0\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">said<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Arbitrary detentions without charge or trial&nbsp;<\/strong>are the norm for prisoners in these camps, and ethnically&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/world\/article-everyone-was-silent-endlessly-mute-former-chinese-re-education\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Kazakh Muslims<\/a>&nbsp;have been \u201cdisappeared\u201d in large numbers along with Uyghurs. Common \u201ccrimes\u201d are \u201cviewing foreign websites, taking phone calls from relatives abroad, praying regularly or growing a beard.\u201d The widespread use of arbitrary detention is also being used as a tool to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/china-uighur-spies-surveillance\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">force Uyghurs abroad into silence<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Up to a million Muslims have been put in the camps&nbsp;<\/strong>in Xinjiang, according to \u201cmany numerous and credible reports,\u201d a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-rights-un\/u-n-says-it-has-credible-reports-that-china-holds-million-uighurs-in-secret-camps-idUSKBN1KV1SU\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">United Nations panel said<\/a>&nbsp;in early August 2018.<\/li>\n<li><strong>China has specifically denied that \u201cre-education\u201d camps exist,&nbsp;<\/strong>but this is semantics: Evidence&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nchrd.org\/2018\/08\/china-massive-numbers-of-uyghurs-other-ethnic-minorities-forced-into-re-education-programs\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">continues<\/a>&nbsp;to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/chinas-uighur-camps-swell-as-beijing-widens-the-dragnet-1534534894\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">build<\/a>&nbsp;of a network of centers for \u201ctransformation through education\u201d (\u6559\u80b2\u8f6c\u5316 ji\u00e0oy\u00f9 zhu\u01cenhu\u00e0) or \u201ccounter-extremism education\u201d (\u53bb\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u6559\u80b2 q\u00f9 j\u00eddu\u0101n hu\u00e0 ji\u00e0oy\u00f9) holding many hundreds of thousands of Uyghurs and other Muslims in Xinjiang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u201cAn entire culture<\/strong>&nbsp;is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/05\/15\/opinion\/china-re-education-camps.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">being criminalized<\/a>,\u201d scholars like Rian Thum are saying. Another scholar, James Millward, comments: \u201cIn Xinjiang, the definition of extremism has expanded so far as to incorporate&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/international\/archive\/2018\/08\/china-surveillance-technology-muslims\/567443\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">virtually anything you do as a Muslim<\/a>.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/internment-camp-turpan-josh-chin.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">The outside of a newly built internment camp in Turpan, Xinjiang. Picture by Wall Street Journal reporter&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/1030644857369284608\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">Josh Chin<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b>From day-to-day discrimination to systematic, mass detentions<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">For years, Uyghurs have complained of day-to-day discrimination, both in Xinjiang and around the country.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/podcast\/islamophobia-china-explained-alice-su-ma-tianjie\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Islamophobia<\/a>&nbsp;is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/06\/16\/where-does-chinese-islamophobia-come-from\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">widespread<\/a>&nbsp;in China, and policies that repress Uyghur culture and religion \u2014 such as&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-china-39460538\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">bans on long beards and religious veils<\/a>, and multiple&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/04\/25\/xinjiang-bans-names-smack-religious-extremism-china-society-culture-news-april-25-2017\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">campaigns<\/a>&nbsp;to force Uyghurs to change \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/06\/05\/muslims-xinjiang-age-16-must-change-overly-religious-names-chinas-latest-political-current-affairs-news\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">overly religious<\/a>\u201d names \u2014 have been justified in the name of \u201ccounterterrorism.\u201d Human rights activists like Amnesty International\u2019s Nicholas Bequelin draw a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/theintercept.com\/2018\/08\/13\/china-muslims-uighur-detention\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">direct line<\/a>\u201d from the American \u201cwar on terror\u201d to the Chinese campaign that took the name \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.chinadaily.com.cn\/china\/2014-05\/26\/content_17541318.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">People\u2019s war<\/a>\u201d against terrorism in 2014, and targeted Uyghurs.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b><em>These political re-education camps technically fit within the definition of \u201cconcentration camp\u201d<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>But everything is much worse now,<\/strong>&nbsp;reports from the last year indicate. Some of these reports focused on the intensification of surveillance and police control, which has reached totalitarian levels. But even more alarmingly, these reports began to reveal the massive scope of arbitrary detentions in a vast system of political re-education camps. These facilities technically fit within the definition of \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/concentration-camp\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">concentration camp<\/a>,\u201d as reports indicate that the detainees are targeted for their affiliation with a religious and cultural minority, held extralegally without indictment or fair trial, and subject to conditions clearly designed to reinforce the state\u2019s political control. Here is a timeline of the major reports on the security state, and the re-education camps:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>October 2017:<\/strong>&nbsp;Megha Rajagopalan at BuzzFeed News publishes a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/the-police-state-of-the-future-is-already-here#.nyemLvQxY\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">report based on interviews with more than two dozen Uyghurs<\/a>, in Xinjiang and abroad, documenting \u201cwhat a 21st-century police state really looks like,\u201d including some details of Uyghurs being detained at re-education centers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>November 2017:<\/strong>&nbsp;Emily Feng at the Financial Times reports that \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/ee28e156-992e-11e7-a652-cde3f882dd7b\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\">Thousands have been sent to unmarked detention centres over the past year<\/a>, usually for two to three months at a time. Nearly every Uighur resident interviewed by the Financial Times had a friend or relative who had been detained. In the centres they are taught Communist party doctrine and persuaded to forgo their ethnic and religious identities.\u201d One Uyghur man told the FT that they are \u201cpolitical education centres,\u201d which are \u201cjust like a university, only you cannot leave.\u201d This report also contained new details on ethnic Kazakhs being detained, and on the expansion of the security state.<\/li>\n<li><strong>December 2017:<\/strong>&nbsp;Josh Chin and Cl\u00e9ment B\u00fcrge at the Wall Street Journal&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/twelve-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355?mg=prod\/accounts-wsj\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">document the omnipresent security measures in multiple cities in Xinjiang<\/a>, and analyze public data and interview a Uyghur who escaped Xinjiang and applied for political asylum in the U.S., telling a story of how the surveillance and security in Xinjiang \u201coverwhelms daily life,\u201d particularly for Uyghurs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>December 2017:<\/strong>&nbsp;Human Rights Watch says that an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2017\/12\/13\/china-minority-region-collects-dna-millions\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">unprecedented DNA collection program has been launched in Xinjiang<\/a>, compiling the \u201cfingerprints, iris scans, and blood types of all residents in the region between the age of 12 and 65.\u201d The organization said that the DNA collection is \u201cdone surreptitiously, under the guise of a free health care program.\u201d Earlier reports&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.apnews.com\/17fc345187e74e72a527f1c2c5b1c3ca\/China-moves-to-expand-DNA-testing-in-Muslim-region\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">had shown<\/a>&nbsp;that Xinjiang police were \u201cin the process of purchasing at least $8.7 million in equipment to analyze DNA samples.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>December 2017:<\/strong>&nbsp;Gerry Shih at the Associated Press publishes a series of four articles (he&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/podcast\/gerry-shih-chinas-uyghur-muslims-pressure-home-abroad\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">discussed this reporting<\/a>&nbsp;on the Sinica Podcast) on how in Xinjiang, the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.apnews.com\/10207e125d564897934a27288855e34d\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">thought police instill fear<\/a>,\u201d how the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/7b8cfc93570f4afba2496d232ce09ce8\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">crackdown on Uighurs spreads to even mild critics<\/a>,\u201d and how Uyghurs abroad are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.apnews.com\/79d6a427b26f4eeab226571956dd256e\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">fighting for<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/36513540608242c099580da79c6c2666\/AP-Exclusive:-China%27s-Uighurs-grapple-with-pull-of-extremism?utm_campaign=SocialFlow&amp;utm_source=Twitter&amp;utm_medium=AP\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">against jihadist forces<\/a>. The first article reveals that at least some residents in Xinjiang are \u201cbeing graded on a 100-point scale,\u201d adding, \u201cThose of Uighur ethnicity are automatically docked 10 points. Being aged between 15 and 55, praying daily, or having a religious education, all result in 10 point deductions.\u201d The Wall Street Journal\u2019s report contained what appears to be the same or a very similar rating form:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"SandboxRoot env-bp-350\" data-twitter-event-id=\"0\" style=\"direction: ltr; background: 0px 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; font-family: Helvetica, Roboto, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); white-space: initial; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet EmbeddedTweet--edge EmbeddedTweet--mediaForward media-forward js-clickToOpenTarget js-tweetIdInfo tweet-InformationCircle-widgetParent\" data-click-to-open-target=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/943278977501634560\" data-iframe-title=\"Twitter Tweet\" data-scribe=\"page:tweet\" data-tweet-id=\"943278977501634560\" data-twitter-event-id=\"7\" id=\"twitter-widget-0\" lang=\"en\" style=\"overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; border-radius: 5px; max-width: 520px; position: relative;\">\n<article class=\"MediaCard\n           MediaCard--mediaForward\n           \n           customisable-border\" data-scribe=\"component:card\" dir=\"ltr\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"MediaCard-media\" data-scribe=\"element:photo\" style=\"position: relative; width: 500px; overflow: hidden; background-color: rgb(245, 248, 250);\"><a class=\"MediaCard-borderOverlay\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/943278977501634560\/photo\/1\" role=\"presentation\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 10; width: 500px; height: 500px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgba(225, 232, 237, 0.75); border-radius: 4px 4px 0px 0px; box-sizing: border-box; outline: 0px;\" tabindex=\"-1\" title=\"View image on Twitter\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">View image on Twitter<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"MediaCard-widthConstraint js-cspForcedStyle\" data-style=\"max-width: 848px\" style=\"max-width: 848px; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto;\">\n<div class=\"MediaCard-mediaContainer js-cspForcedStyle\" data-style=\"padding-bottom: 100.0000%\" style=\"position: relative; padding-bottom: 500px;\"><a class=\"MediaCard-mediaAsset NaturalImage\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/943278977501634560\/photo\/1\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); color: rgb(43, 123, 185); position: absolute; display: block; top: 0px; left: 0px; width: 500px; height: 500px; line-height: 0; transition: opacity 0.5s ease 0s; outline: 0px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"View image on Twitter\" class=\"NaturalImage-image\" data-image=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/media\/DRcy9XLV4AA0UVV\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/media\/DRcy9XLV4AA0UVV?format=jpg&amp;name=small\" style=\"max-width: 100%; line-height: 0; height: auto;\" title=\"View image on Twitter\" width=\"848\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweetContainer\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweet\" style=\"padding: 14.4px 20px 11.6px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(225, 232, 237); border-right-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-left-width: 1px; border-radius: 0px 0px 4px 4px;\">\n<blockquote cite=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/943278977501634560\" class=\"Tweet h-entry js-tweetIdInfo subject expanded\" data-scribe=\"section:subject\" data-tweet-id=\"943278977501634560\" style=\"margin: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none;\">\n<div class=\"Tweet-header\" style=\"display: flex;\"><a aria-label=\"Josh Chin (screen name: joshchin)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-avatar  Identity-avatar u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; height: 36px; margin-right: 9px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"Avatar Avatar--edge\" data-scribe=\"element:avatar\" data-src-1x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/973109574835122176\/dxxBKFXG_normal.jpg\" data-src-2x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/973109574835122176\/dxxBKFXG_bigger.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/973109574835122176\/dxxBKFXG_normal.jpg\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 50%;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor js-inViewportScribingTarget\" data-scribe=\"component:author\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor-nameScreenNameContainer\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.2; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; min-width: 0px;\"><a aria-label=\"Josh Chin (screen name: joshchin)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-name Identity-name customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:name\" style=\"font-weight: 700; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 4px;\" title=\"Josh Chin\">Josh Chin<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div aria-label=\"Verified Account\" class=\"Icon Icon--verified \" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.11111em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2064%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h64v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M3%2037.315c0%204.125%202.162%207.726%205.363%209.624-.056.467-.09.937-.09%201.42%200%206.103%204.72%2011.045%2010.546%2011.045%201.295%200%202.542-.234%203.687-.686C24.22%2062.4%2027.827%2064.93%2032%2064.93c4.174%200%207.782-2.53%209.49-6.213%201.148.45%202.39.685%203.69.685%205.826%200%2010.546-4.94%2010.546-11.045%200-.483-.037-.953-.093-1.42C58.83%2045.04%2061%2041.44%2061%2037.314c0-4.37-2.42-8.15-5.933-9.946.427-1.203.658-2.5.658-3.865%200-6.104-4.72-11.045-10.545-11.045-1.302%200-2.543.232-3.69.688-1.707-3.685-5.315-6.216-9.49-6.216-4.173%200-7.778%202.53-9.492%206.216-1.146-.455-2.393-.688-3.688-.688-5.827%200-10.545%204.94-10.545%2011.045%200%201.364.23%202.662.656%203.864C5.42%2029.163%203%2032.944%203%2037.314z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M17.87%2039.08l7.015%206.978c.585.582%201.35.873%202.116.873.77%200%201.542-.294%202.127-.883.344-.346%2015.98-15.974%2015.98-15.974%201.172-1.172%201.172-3.07%200-4.243-1.17-1.17-3.07-1.172-4.242%200l-13.87%2013.863-4.892-4.868c-1.174-1.168-3.074-1.164-4.242.01-1.168%201.176-1.163%203.075.01%204.244z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"Verified Account\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a aria-label=\"Josh Chin (screen name: joshchin)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-verifiedBadge\" data-scribe=\"element:verified_badge\" style=\"position: static; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; padding-right: 4px;\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">\u2714<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"TweetAuthor-screenName Identity-screenName\" data-scribe=\"element:screen_name\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"color: rgb(105, 120, 130); font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 1;\" title=\"@joshchin\">@joshchin<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-brand\" style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div aria-label=\"View on Twitter\" class=\"Icon Icon--twitter \" role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h72v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M68.812%2015.14c-2.348%201.04-4.87%201.744-7.52%202.06%202.704-1.62%204.78-4.186%205.757-7.243-2.53%201.5-5.33%202.592-8.314%203.176C56.35%2010.59%2052.948%209%2049.182%209c-7.23%200-13.092%205.86-13.092%2013.093%200%201.026.118%202.02.338%202.98C25.543%2024.527%2015.9%2019.318%209.44%2011.396c-1.125%201.936-1.77%204.184-1.77%206.58%200%204.543%202.312%208.552%205.824%2010.9-2.146-.07-4.165-.658-5.93-1.64-.002.056-.002.11-.002.163%200%206.345%204.513%2011.638%2010.504%2012.84-1.1.298-2.256.457-3.45.457-.845%200-1.666-.078-2.464-.23%201.667%205.2%206.5%208.985%2012.23%209.09-4.482%203.51-10.13%205.605-16.26%205.605-1.055%200-2.096-.06-3.122-.184%205.794%203.717%2012.676%205.882%2020.067%205.882%2024.083%200%2037.25-19.95%2037.25-37.25%200-.565-.013-1.133-.038-1.693%202.558-1.847%204.778-4.15%206.532-6.774z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"View on Twitter\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-body e-entry-content\" data-scribe=\"component:tweet\" style=\"margin-top: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"u-hiddenVisually js-inViewportScribingTarget\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p class=\"Tweet-text e-entry-title\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; white-space: pre-wrap; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word; direction: ltr;\">Here&#8217;s an annotated copy of the personal data collection form police in Urumqi sent out to all residents early this year. It divides people into &#8220;safe,&#8221; &#8220;normal&#8221; and &#8220;unsafe&#8221; based on categories like ethnicity and prayer habits. (More here: <a class=\"link customisable\" data-expanded-url=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/twelve-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355\" data-scribe=\"element:url\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/BB18uANBej\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); outline: 0px;\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/twelve-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">https:\/\/www.<\/span>wsj.com\/articles\/twelv<span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">e-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355&nbsp;<\/span>\u2026<\/a>)<\/p>\n<div class=\"Tweet-metadata dateline\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); margin-top: 3.2px;\"><a class=\"u-linkBlend u-url customisable-highlight long-permalink\" data-datetime=\"2017-12-20T00:36:48+0000\" data-scribe=\"element:full_timestamp\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/943278977501634560\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\">3:36 AM &#8211; Dec 20, 2017<\/a><\/div>\n<ul aria-label=\"Tweet actions\" class=\"Tweet-actions Tweet-action--newsActions\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" role=\"menu\" style=\"margin-top: 8.4px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: initial; border-width: initial; border-style: none; display: flex; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;\">\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--heartEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:heart\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2224%22%20height%3D%2224%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M12%2021.638h-.014C9.403%2021.59%201.95%2014.856%201.95%208.478c0-3.064%202.525-5.754%205.403-5.754%202.29%200%203.83%201.58%204.646%202.73.813-1.148%202.353-2.73%204.644-2.73%202.88%200%205.404%202.69%205.404%205.755%200%206.375-7.454%2013.11-10.037%2013.156H12zM7.354%204.225c-2.08%200-3.903%201.988-3.903%204.255%200%205.74%207.035%2011.596%208.55%2011.658%201.52-.062%208.55-5.917%208.55-11.658%200-2.267-1.822-4.255-3.902-4.255-2.528%200-3.94%202.936-3.952%202.965-.23.562-1.156.562-1.387%200-.015-.03-1.426-2.965-3.955-2.965z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--heart TweetAction TweetAction--heartEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/like?tweet_id=943278977501634560\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"Like\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:heart_count\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">278<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--replyEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_icon\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M14.046%202.242l-4.148-.01h-.002c-4.374%200-7.8%203.427-7.8%207.802%200%204.098%203.186%207.206%207.465%207.37v3.828c0%20.108.045.286.12.403.143.225.385.347.633.347.138%200%20.277-.038.402-.118.264-.168%206.473-4.14%208.088-5.506%201.902-1.61%203.04-3.97%203.043-6.312v-.017c-.006-4.368-3.43-7.788-7.8-7.79zm3.787%2012.972c-1.134.96-4.862%203.405-6.772%204.643V16.67c0-.414-.334-.75-.75-.75h-.395c-3.66%200-6.318-2.476-6.318-5.886%200-3.534%202.768-6.302%206.3-6.302l4.147.01h.002c3.532%200%206.3%202.766%206.302%206.296-.003%201.91-.942%203.844-2.514%205.176z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); transform: scaleX(1); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--replyEdge TweetAction TweetAction--replyEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:news\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joshchin\/status\/943278977501634560\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"View the conversation on Twitter\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_text\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">331 people are talking about this<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tweet-InformationCircle--top tweet-InformationCircle--topEdge tweet-InformationCircle\" data-scribe=\"element:notice\" style=\"position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 0px; padding: 6px 6px 5px 5px; z-index: 20; line-height: 0;\"><a class=\"Icon Icon--informationCircleWhite js-inViewportScribingTarget\" href=\"https:\/\/support.twitter.com\/articles\/20175256\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); display: inline-block; height: 18px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 18px; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate(8%208)%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20fill-opacity%3D%22.8%22%20d%3D%22M28%203.11C14.278%203.11%203.11%2014.276%203.11%2028c0%2013.723%2011.166%2024.887%2024.89%2024.887S52.89%2041.723%2052.89%2028C52.89%2014.274%2041.724%203.11%2028%203.11z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M28%2044.593c-1.718%200-3.11-1.393-3.11-3.112V30.076c0-1.718%201.392-3.11%203.11-3.11s3.11%201.392%203.11%203.11V41.48c0%201.72-1.392%203.113-3.11%203.113z%22%2F%3E%3Ccircle%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20cx%3D%2228%22%20cy%3D%2218.148%22%20r%3D%224.667%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M28%2056C12.56%2056%200%2043.44%200%2028S12.56%200%2028%200s28%2012.56%2028%2028-12.56%2028-28%2028zm0-49.778C15.99%206.222%206.222%2015.992%206.222%2028S15.992%2049.778%2028%2049.778c12.01%200%2021.778-9.77%2021.778-21.778S40.008%206.222%2028%206.222z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); outline: 0px;\" title=\"Twitter Ads info and privacy\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">Twitter Ads info and privacy<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"resize-sensor\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"resize-sensor-expand\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; transition: all 0s ease 0s; width: 510px; height: 752px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"resize-sensor-shrink\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; transition: all 0s ease 0s; width: 1000px; height: 1482.8px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>January 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Radio Free Asia, a U.S.-funded media outlet,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/detentions-01222018171657.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>, \u201cAround 120,000 ethnic Uyghurs are currently being held in political re-education camps in Kashgar prefecture of northwest China\u2019s Xinjiang region alone, according to a security official with knowledge of the detention system.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>February 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Foreign Policy publishes&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2018\/02\/28\/a-summer-vacation-in-chinas-muslim-gulag\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">the account of one Uyghur university student&nbsp;<\/a>who returned to China from the U.S., was intensely interrogated, held in a re-education camp for 17 days without charge, and then released. A local police officer warned him, \u201cWhatever you say or do in North America, your family is still here and so are we.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>April 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>The U.S. State Department&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-xinjiang-usa\/tens-of-thousands-detained-in-chinas-xinjiang-u-s-diplomat-says-idUSKBN1HP17N\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">says<\/a>&nbsp;that detentions at political re-education centers of Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in Xinjiang number \u201cat the very least in the tens of thousands.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>May 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Human Rights Watch&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hrw.org\/news\/2018\/05\/13\/china-visiting-officials-occupy-homes-muslim-region\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>&nbsp;that hundreds of thousands of Communist Party members have been dispatched for \u201chome stays\u201d in mostly Muslim households in Xinjiang, part of a larger project of political indoctrination and human surveillance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>May 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Adrian Zenz, a researcher at the European School of Culture and Theology in Korntal, Germany, publishes \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/jamestown.org\/program\/evidence-for-chinas-political-re-education-campaign-in-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">New evidence for China\u2019s political re-education campaign in Xinjiang<\/a>\u201d in the Jamestown Foundation\u2019s China Brief. Zenz estimates that \u201cbetween several hundred thousand and just over one million\u201d people can be held in the facilities that have been built in Xinjiang since March 2017.<\/li>\n<li><strong>May 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Gerry Shih and Simon Dreyer of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/6e151296fb194f85ba69a8babd972e4b\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Associated Press<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/asia_pacific\/former-inmates-of-chinas-muslim-re-education-camps-tell-of-brainwashing-torture\/2018\/05\/16\/32b330e8-5850-11e8-8b92-45fdd7aaef3c_story.html?utm_term=.2064674ee3c0\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Washington Post<\/a>, respectively, publish some of the first named eyewitness reports from detainees in those re-education camps. Some sources allege torture in the camps, and all sources confirm a program of political indoctrination that seems to exclusively target ethnic minorities.<\/li>\n<li><strong>July 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Megha Rajagopalan at BuzzFeed again publishes on Xinjiang, this time focusing on how&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/china-uighur-spies-surveillance\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">China is blackmailing Uyghurs abroad<\/a>&nbsp;to spy for China with the threat of sending their relatives back home to re-education camps. Ten Uyghur exiles all confirm to BuzzFeed, with voice recordings and messages as evidence, that they were coerced to help a campaign \u201caimed not only to gather details about Uighurs\u2019 activities abroad, but also to sow discord within exile communities in the West and intimidate people in hopes of preventing them from speaking out against the Chinese state.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>July 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>The NGO Chinese Human Rights Defenders&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nchrd.org\/2018\/07\/criminal-arrests-in-xinjiang-account-for-21-of-chinas-total-in-2017\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>&nbsp;that government data shows the following: \u201cCriminal arrests in Xinjiang accounted for an alarming 21% of all arrests in China in 2017, though the population in the XUAR [Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region] is only about 1.5% of China\u2019s total.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b><em>21 percent of all criminal arrests in China happens in Xinjiang, despite the fact that the region contains only 1.5 percent of the country\u2019s population.<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>July 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Emily Feng at the Financial Times reports that \u201cIn early 2017, Xinjiang began&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/f0d3223a-7f4d-11e8-bc55-50daf11b720d\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\">building dozens\u201d of orphanages<\/a>&nbsp;for the children of families that had been taken away to re-education. \u201cOne county in Kashgar built 18 new orphanages in 2017 alone, according to local media,\u201d the FT notes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>July 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>An ethnically Kazakh Chinese national, Sayragul Sauytbay, escapes Xinjiang to neighboring Kazakhstan, and testifies in court that she had been told to teach at a re-education camp with 2,500 prisoners. She testifies that \u201cthey call it a political camp, but really it was a prison in the mountains,\u201d and that its existence is a \u201cstate secret.\u201d Her testimony is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Eak3WRtcdko&amp;app=desktop\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">posted on YouTube<\/a>, she was later&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/world\/article-everyone-was-silent-endlessly-mute-former-chinese-re-education\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">interviewed by Nathan Vanderklippe at the Globe and Mail<\/a>&nbsp;(notably, she confirms that the detainees were \u201call ethnic minorities\u201d), and the story of her family and other Kazakh witnesses to the camps was&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/asia_pacific\/new-evidence-emerges-that-china-is-forcing-muslims-into-reeducation-camps\/2018\/08\/10\/1d6d2f64-8dce-11e8-9b0d-749fb254bc3d_story.html?utm_term=.abcad899f4f8\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">told by Emily Rauhala in the Washington Post<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>July 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Gene Bunin, a Uyghur-speaking foreign academic who is currently undertaking a project to document Uyghur food and culture across China, writes that of the 1,000-plus Uyghurs he has spoken to in the past year, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/livingotherwise.com\/2018\/07\/31\/happiest-muslims-world-coping-happiness\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">almost everyone I talked to was significantly affected<\/a>&nbsp;by the repression in Xinjiang,\u201d adding that \u201cthe phrase&nbsp;<em>adem yoq<\/em>&nbsp;(\u2018everybody\u2019s gone\u2019) is probably the one I\u2019ve heard the most this past year.\u201d The Guardian republishes this unique account of the situation, headlined with the phrase one Uyghur security officer used to describe the situation to Bunin: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/2018\/aug\/07\/why-uighur-muslims-across-china-are-living-in-fear\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">We\u2019re a people destroyed<\/a>.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>August 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>Chinese Human Rights Defenders&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nchrd.org\/2018\/08\/china-massive-numbers-of-uyghurs-other-ethnic-minorities-forced-into-re-education-programs\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>: \u201cIn the villages of Southern Xinjiang, about 660,000 rural residents of ethnic Uyghur background may have been taken away from their homes and detained in re-education camps, while another up to 1.3 million may have been forced to attend mandatory day or evening re-education sessions in locations in their villages or town centers, amounting to a total of about 2 million South Xinjiang villagers in these two types of \u2018re-education\u2019 programs. The total number for Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR or Xinjiang) as a whole, including other ethnic minorities and city residents, is certainly higher.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>August 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>The UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD)&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-rights-un\/u-n-says-it-has-credible-reports-that-china-holds-million-uighurs-in-secret-camps-idUSKBN1KV1SU\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">says<\/a>&nbsp;that it has received \u201cmany numerous and credible reports\u201d that 1 million Uyghurs are being held in a \u201cmassive internment camp that is shrouded in secrecy.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>August 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>The New York Times&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/08\/10\/world\/asia\/china-xinjiang-rahile-dawut.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>&nbsp;that Rahile Dawut, a widely celebrated ethnographer of Uyghurs, is the latest scholar to be apparently locked up in the effective criminalization of Uyghur culture.<\/li>\n<li><strong>August 2018:<\/strong>&nbsp;The Wall Street Journal again reports on the situation in Xinjiang, this time focusing on the re-education camps: Eva Dou, Jeremy Page, and Josh Chin co-author a piece titled \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/chinas-uighur-camps-swell-as-beijing-widens-the-dragnet-1534534894\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">China\u2019s Uighur camps swell as Beijing widens the dragnet<\/a>.\u201d They interview \u201csix former inmates\u201d of the camps, who confirmed the conditions in the camps described to the Associated Press, the Washington Post, and others previously, as well as \u201cthree dozen relatives of detainees, five of whom reported that family members had died in camps or soon after their release,\u201d and draw on satellite maps to show the rapid, recent expansion of particular camps.<\/li>\n<li><strong>August 2018:&nbsp;<\/strong>The U.S. State Department raises its estimate of detainees in Xinjiang to match or exceed the UN estimate: \u201cThe number of individuals held in detention may possibly number in the millions,\u201d an official&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/us-number-muslim-minorities-chinese-internment-camps-millions\/story?id=57240677\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">said<\/a>, warning China that \u201cindiscriminate and disproportionate controls on ethnic minorities\u2019 expressions of their cultural and religious identities have the potential to incite radicalization and recruitment to violence.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>August 2018:<\/strong>&nbsp;BuzzFeed journalist Megha Rajagopalan is&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkongfp.com\/2018\/08\/22\/buzzfeed-journalist-denied-new-china-visa-following-award-winning-coverage-xinjiang-crackdown\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">forced to leave China<\/a>&nbsp;after her journalism visa application is denied by authorities without explanation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/DkezgtkU4AESeWu-1.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">This picture, the only known image of an opening ceremony of a Xinjiang re-education camp, was posted by the government in Korla, Xinjiang, in June 2018, and quickly picked up by international media. On the left, the partially obscured words for \u201cTransformation Through Education Center\u201d (\u6559\u80b2\u8f6c\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3 ji\u00e0oy\u00f9 zhu\u01cenhu\u00e0 zh\u014dngx\u012bn) can be read directly behind the man in the white shirt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b>What do we know about the re-education camps?<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">For one, we know that the system of detention centers already built in Xinjiang is massive. Jerome Cohen, one of the most authoritative&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/podcast\/jerome-cohen-human-rights-law-china\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">scholars<\/a>&nbsp;of China\u2019s legal system, writes that it\u2019s probably the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeromecohen.net\/jerrys-blog\/2018\/7\/25\/what-can-be-done-regarding-xinjiangs-mass-detentions\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">largest mass detention program in China in 60 years<\/a>: \u201cPerhaps the last time so many people have been detained outside the formal criminal process was in the 1957\u201359 \u2018anti-rightist\u2019 campaign.\u201d A few sources in particular have attempted to quantify the progression and extent of the mass detention campaign:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>Public records of 73 government construction contracts prove<\/strong>&nbsp;that at least 680 million yuan ($108 million) has been spent on building detention centers in Xinjiang since March 2017, according to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamestown.org\/program\/evidence-for-chinas-political-re-education-campaign-in-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">research by Adrian Zenz<\/a>, a researcher at the European School of Culture and Theology. Zenz notes that March 2017 also saw the first reports of mass detentions, which \u201ccoincides neatly with the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.xinjiang.gov.cn\/2017\/03\/30\/128831.html\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\">publication<\/a>&nbsp;[in Chinese] of \u2018de-extremification regulations\u2019 (\u65b0\u7586\u7ef4\u543e\u5c14\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u53bb\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u6761\u4f8b) \u201d by the regional government on March 29, 2017.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Just these publicly documented camps can hold up to a million&nbsp;<\/strong>inmates, Zenz estimates, and a \u201cleaked document\u201d from public security agencies \u201ccould indicate a detention rate of up to 11.5 percent of the region\u2019s adult Uyghur and Kazakh population,\u201d he writes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>An average detention rate of 12 percent or more was confirmed&nbsp;<\/strong>by eight Uyghur interviewees in different towns in Xinjiang to Chinese Human Rights Defenders, which&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nchrd.org\/2018\/08\/china-massive-numbers-of-uyghurs-other-ethnic-minorities-forced-into-re-education-programs\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">concluded<\/a>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote style=\"font-style: italic; font-family: Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; padding: 2px 8px 2px 20px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-width: 3px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-size: 12px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;\">\u201cIn the villages of Southern Xinjiang, about 660,000 rural residents of ethnic Uyghur background may have been taken away from their homes and detained in re-education camps, while another up to 1.3 million may have been forced to attend mandatory day or evening re-education sessions in locations in their villages or town centers, amounting to a total of about 2 million South Xinjiang villagers in these two types of \u2018re-education\u2019 programs. The total number for Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR or Xinjiang) as a whole, including other ethnic minorities and city residents, is certainly higher.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>These and other reports led the UN&nbsp;<\/strong>Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-rights-un\/u-n-says-it-has-credible-reports-that-china-holds-million-uighurs-in-secret-camps-idUSKBN1KV1SU\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">say<\/a>&nbsp;that it suspected that 1 million Uyghurs are currently being held in a \u201cmassive internment camp that is shrouded in secrecy.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thirty-four camps and counting have been identified<\/strong>&nbsp;in satellite pictures by Shawn Zhang (<a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@shawnwzhang\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">on Medium<\/a>;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/shawnwzhang\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">on Twitter<\/a>), a law student at the University of British Columbia.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Satellite images show continued, rapid construction&nbsp;<\/strong>of camps,<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>according to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/chinas-uighur-camps-swell-as-beijing-widens-the-dragnet-1534534894\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">the Wall Street Journal<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"SandboxRoot env-bp-350\" data-twitter-event-id=\"1\" style=\"direction: ltr; background: 0px 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; font-family: Helvetica, Roboto, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); white-space: initial; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet EmbeddedTweet--edge js-clickToOpenTarget tweet-InformationCircle-widgetParent\" data-click-to-open-target=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\/status\/1030651366136586240\" data-iframe-title=\"Twitter Tweet\" data-scribe=\"page:tweet\" data-twitter-event-id=\"4\" id=\"twitter-widget-1\" lang=\"en\" style=\"overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(225, 232, 237); border-radius: 5px; max-width: 520px; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-ancestor EmbeddedTweet-ancestor--repliesRefresh\" data-scribe=\"section:conversation\" style=\"padding-top: 20px; padding-right: 20px; padding-left: 20px;\">\n<blockquote cite=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\/status\/1030649713475956736\" class=\"Tweet Tweet--compact h-entry reply js-tweetIdInfo\" data-tweet-id=\"1030649713475956736\" style=\"margin: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; font-size: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"Tweet-ancestorContainer Tweet-ancestorContainer--repliesRefresh\" style=\"display: flex; position: relative;\"><a aria-label=\"Eva Dou (screen name: evadou)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-avatar TweetAuthor-avatar--ancestor Identity-avatar u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 24px; height: 24px; margin-right: 9px; margin-left: 6px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"Avatar Avatar--edge\" data-scribe=\"element:avatar\" data-src-1x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/1025984653864394752\/UCZAqqZp_normal.jpg\" data-src-2x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/1025984653864394752\/UCZAqqZp_bigger.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/1025984653864394752\/UCZAqqZp_normal.jpg\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 50%;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"Tweet-ancestorContents Tweet-ancestorContents--repliesRefresh\" style=\"min-width: 0px; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex: 1 1 0%; padding-bottom: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"Tweet-header\" style=\"display: flex;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor js-inViewportScribingTarget TweetAuthor--oneLine\" data-scribe=\"component:author\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor-nameScreenNameContainer\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: row; line-height: 1.2; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><a aria-label=\"Eva Dou (screen name: evadou)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; width: auto; flex-shrink: 0; max-width: 100%;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-name Identity-name customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:name\" style=\"font-weight: 700; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 4px;\" title=\"Eva Dou\">Eva Dou<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div aria-label=\"Verified Account\" class=\"Icon Icon--verified \" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.11111em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2064%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h64v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M3%2037.315c0%204.125%202.162%207.726%205.363%209.624-.056.467-.09.937-.09%201.42%200%206.103%204.72%2011.045%2010.546%2011.045%201.295%200%202.542-.234%203.687-.686C24.22%2062.4%2027.827%2064.93%2032%2064.93c4.174%200%207.782-2.53%209.49-6.213%201.148.45%202.39.685%203.69.685%205.826%200%2010.546-4.94%2010.546-11.045%200-.483-.037-.953-.093-1.42C58.83%2045.04%2061%2041.44%2061%2037.314c0-4.37-2.42-8.15-5.933-9.946.427-1.203.658-2.5.658-3.865%200-6.104-4.72-11.045-10.545-11.045-1.302%200-2.543.232-3.69.688-1.707-3.685-5.315-6.216-9.49-6.216-4.173%200-7.778%202.53-9.492%206.216-1.146-.455-2.393-.688-3.688-.688-5.827%200-10.545%204.94-10.545%2011.045%200%201.364.23%202.662.656%203.864C5.42%2029.163%203%2032.944%203%2037.314z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M17.87%2039.08l7.015%206.978c.585.582%201.35.873%202.116.873.77%200%201.542-.294%202.127-.883.344-.346%2015.98-15.974%2015.98-15.974%201.172-1.172%201.172-3.07%200-4.243-1.17-1.17-3.07-1.172-4.242%200l-13.87%2013.863-4.892-4.868c-1.174-1.168-3.074-1.164-4.242.01-1.168%201.176-1.163%203.075.01%204.244z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"Verified Account\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a aria-label=\"Eva Dou (screen name: evadou)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; width: auto; flex-shrink: 0; max-width: 100%;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-verifiedBadge\" data-scribe=\"element:verified_badge\" style=\"position: static; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; padding-right: 4px;\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">\u2714<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"TweetAuthor-screenName Identity-screenName\" data-scribe=\"element:screen_name\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"color: rgb(105, 120, 130); font-size: 13px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 1;\" title=\"@evadou\">@evadou<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-metadata\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); white-space: nowrap; margin-right: 5px;\">&nbsp;\u00b7&nbsp;<a class=\"u-linkBlend u-url permalink customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:mini_timestamp\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\/status\/1030649713475956736\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\">Aug 18, 2018<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-brand\" style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div aria-label=\"View on Twitter\" class=\"Icon Icon--twitter \" role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h72v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M68.812%2015.14c-2.348%201.04-4.87%201.744-7.52%202.06%202.704-1.62%204.78-4.186%205.757-7.243-2.53%201.5-5.33%202.592-8.314%203.176C56.35%2010.59%2052.948%209%2049.182%209c-7.23%200-13.092%205.86-13.092%2013.093%200%201.026.118%202.02.338%202.98C25.543%2024.527%2015.9%2019.318%209.44%2011.396c-1.125%201.936-1.77%204.184-1.77%206.58%200%204.543%202.312%208.552%205.824%2010.9-2.146-.07-4.165-.658-5.93-1.64-.002.056-.002.11-.002.163%200%206.345%204.513%2011.638%2010.504%2012.84-1.1.298-2.256.457-3.45.457-.845%200-1.666-.078-2.464-.23%201.667%205.2%206.5%208.985%2012.23%209.09-4.482%203.51-10.13%205.605-16.26%205.605-1.055%200-2.096-.06-3.122-.184%205.794%203.717%2012.676%205.882%2020.067%205.882%2024.083%200%2037.25-19.95%2037.25-37.25%200-.565-.013-1.133-.038-1.693%202.558-1.847%204.778-4.15%206.532-6.774z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"View on Twitter\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-inReplyTo\" style=\"font-size: 13px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130);\"><a class=\"u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:in_reply_to_user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/_\/status\/1030648628296204288\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\">Replying to @evadou<\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-body e-entry-content\" data-scribe=\"component:tweet\">\n<p class=\"Tweet-text e-entry-title\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; white-space: pre-wrap; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word; direction: ltr;\">We had a huge amount of help along the way from <a class=\"PrettyLink profile customisable h-card\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"794888669140226048\" data-scribe=\"element:mention\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/adrianzenz\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); outline: 0px;\"><span class=\"PrettyLink-prefix\">@<\/span><span class=\"PrettyLink-value\">adrianzenz<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"PrettyLink profile customisable h-card\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"49992191\" data-scribe=\"element:mention\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/shawnwzhang\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); outline: 0px;\"><span class=\"PrettyLink-prefix\">@<\/span><span class=\"PrettyLink-value\">shawnwzhang<\/span><\/a> <a class=\"PrettyLink profile customisable h-card\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"72720837\" data-scribe=\"element:mention\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/mhanham\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); outline: 0px;\"><span class=\"PrettyLink-prefix\">@<\/span><span class=\"PrettyLink-value\">mhanham<\/span><\/a> in analyzing public records and satellite images. Like everyone else looking at the camps, we owe an immense intellectual debt to Adrian and Shawn for documenting them with hard evidence<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweetContainer\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweet\" style=\"padding-right: 20px; padding-bottom: 11.6px; padding-left: 20px;\">\n<blockquote cite=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\/status\/1030651366136586240\" class=\"Tweet h-entry js-tweetIdInfo subject expanded\" data-scribe=\"section:subject\" data-tweet-id=\"1030651366136586240\" style=\"margin: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none;\">\n<div class=\"Tweet-header\" style=\"display: flex;\"><a aria-label=\"Eva Dou (screen name: evadou)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-avatar  Identity-avatar u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; height: 36px; margin-right: 9px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"Avatar Avatar--edge\" data-scribe=\"element:avatar\" data-src-1x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/1025984653864394752\/UCZAqqZp_normal.jpg\" data-src-2x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/1025984653864394752\/UCZAqqZp_bigger.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/1025984653864394752\/UCZAqqZp_normal.jpg\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 50%;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor js-inViewportScribingTarget\" data-scribe=\"component:author\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor-nameScreenNameContainer\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.2; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; min-width: 0px;\"><a aria-label=\"Eva Dou (screen name: evadou)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-name Identity-name customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:name\" style=\"font-weight: 700; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 4px;\" title=\"Eva Dou\">Eva Dou<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div aria-label=\"Verified Account\" class=\"Icon Icon--verified \" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.11111em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2064%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h64v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M3%2037.315c0%204.125%202.162%207.726%205.363%209.624-.056.467-.09.937-.09%201.42%200%206.103%204.72%2011.045%2010.546%2011.045%201.295%200%202.542-.234%203.687-.686C24.22%2062.4%2027.827%2064.93%2032%2064.93c4.174%200%207.782-2.53%209.49-6.213%201.148.45%202.39.685%203.69.685%205.826%200%2010.546-4.94%2010.546-11.045%200-.483-.037-.953-.093-1.42C58.83%2045.04%2061%2041.44%2061%2037.314c0-4.37-2.42-8.15-5.933-9.946.427-1.203.658-2.5.658-3.865%200-6.104-4.72-11.045-10.545-11.045-1.302%200-2.543.232-3.69.688-1.707-3.685-5.315-6.216-9.49-6.216-4.173%200-7.778%202.53-9.492%206.216-1.146-.455-2.393-.688-3.688-.688-5.827%200-10.545%204.94-10.545%2011.045%200%201.364.23%202.662.656%203.864C5.42%2029.163%203%2032.944%203%2037.314z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M17.87%2039.08l7.015%206.978c.585.582%201.35.873%202.116.873.77%200%201.542-.294%202.127-.883.344-.346%2015.98-15.974%2015.98-15.974%201.172-1.172%201.172-3.07%200-4.243-1.17-1.17-3.07-1.172-4.242%200l-13.87%2013.863-4.892-4.868c-1.174-1.168-3.074-1.164-4.242.01-1.168%201.176-1.163%203.075.01%204.244z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"Verified Account\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a aria-label=\"Eva Dou (screen name: evadou)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-verifiedBadge\" data-scribe=\"element:verified_badge\" style=\"position: static; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; padding-right: 4px;\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">\u2714<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"TweetAuthor-screenName Identity-screenName\" data-scribe=\"element:screen_name\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"color: rgb(105, 120, 130); font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 1;\" title=\"@evadou\">@evadou<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-body e-entry-content\" data-scribe=\"component:tweet\" style=\"margin-top: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"u-hiddenVisually js-inViewportScribingTarget\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p class=\"Tweet-text e-entry-title\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; white-space: pre-wrap; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word; direction: ltr;\"><a class=\"PrettyLink profile customisable h-card\" data-mentioned-user-id=\"1006192111883051009\" data-scribe=\"element:mention\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/HalmuratU\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); outline: 0px;\"><span class=\"PrettyLink-prefix\">@<\/span><span class=\"PrettyLink-value\">HalmuratU<\/span><\/a> bravely shared details of how his parents were taken away. One troubling detail: A Finnish citizen, he said at the Shanghai airport last yr he was strip-searched and forced to record his voice speaking in Uighur, and was denied the right to call the Finnish embassy<\/p>\n<div class=\"Tweet-metadata dateline\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); margin-top: 3.2px;\"><a class=\"u-linkBlend u-url customisable-highlight long-permalink\" data-datetime=\"2018-08-18T03:03:28+0000\" data-scribe=\"element:full_timestamp\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\/status\/1030651366136586240\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\">6:03 AM &#8211; Aug 18, 2018<\/a><\/div>\n<ul aria-label=\"Tweet actions\" class=\"Tweet-actions Tweet-action--newsActions\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" role=\"menu\" style=\"margin: 8.4px 15px 0px 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: initial; border-width: initial; border-style: none; display: flex; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;\">\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--heartEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:heart\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2224%22%20height%3D%2224%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M12%2021.638h-.014C9.403%2021.59%201.95%2014.856%201.95%208.478c0-3.064%202.525-5.754%205.403-5.754%202.29%200%203.83%201.58%204.646%202.73.813-1.148%202.353-2.73%204.644-2.73%202.88%200%205.404%202.69%205.404%205.755%200%206.375-7.454%2013.11-10.037%2013.156H12zM7.354%204.225c-2.08%200-3.903%201.988-3.903%204.255%200%205.74%207.035%2011.596%208.55%2011.658%201.52-.062%208.55-5.917%208.55-11.658%200-2.267-1.822-4.255-3.902-4.255-2.528%200-3.94%202.936-3.952%202.965-.23.562-1.156.562-1.387%200-.015-.03-1.426-2.965-3.955-2.965z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--heart TweetAction TweetAction--heartEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/like?tweet_id=1030651366136586240\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"Like\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:heart_count\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">32<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--replyEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_icon\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M14.046%202.242l-4.148-.01h-.002c-4.374%200-7.8%203.427-7.8%207.802%200%204.098%203.186%207.206%207.465%207.37v3.828c0%20.108.045.286.12.403.143.225.385.347.633.347.138%200%20.277-.038.402-.118.264-.168%206.473-4.14%208.088-5.506%201.902-1.61%203.04-3.97%203.043-6.312v-.017c-.006-4.368-3.43-7.788-7.8-7.79zm3.787%2012.972c-1.134.96-4.862%203.405-6.772%204.643V16.67c0-.414-.334-.75-.75-.75h-.395c-3.66%200-6.318-2.476-6.318-5.886%200-3.534%202.768-6.302%206.3-6.302l4.147.01h.002c3.532%200%206.3%202.766%206.302%206.296-.003%201.91-.942%203.844-2.514%205.176z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); transform: scaleX(1); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--replyEdge TweetAction TweetAction--replyEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:news\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/evadou\/status\/1030651366136586240\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"View the conversation on Twitter\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_text\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">18 people are talking about this<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tweet-InformationCircle--bottom tweet-InformationCircle\" data-scribe=\"element:notice\" style=\"position: absolute; right: 0px; bottom: 3px; margin: 10px 18px 8px;\"><a class=\"Icon Icon--informationCircleWhite js-inViewportScribingTarget\" href=\"https:\/\/support.twitter.com\/articles\/20175256\" style=\"background-color: transparent; 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width: 1000px; height: 789.6px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">We also know that detentions are arbitrary. There is no criminal process or trial preceding before victims are sent to political education. As Megha Rajagopalan at BuzzFeed News&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/the-police-state-of-the-future-is-already-here#.nyemLvQxY\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">noted<\/a>&nbsp;in October 2017: \u201cDetention for political education of this kind is not considered a form of criminal punishment in China, so no formal charges or sentences are given.\u201d<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>\u201cCrimes\u201d often have little or nothing to do with actual Islamic extremism,&nbsp;<\/strong>which is what China is supposedly trying to stamp out: BuzzFeed reported that \u201chaving a relative who has been convicted of a crime, having the wrong content on your cell phone\u2026appearing too religious\u2026having traveled abroad to a Muslim country, or having a relative who has traveled abroad\u201d is enough to land Xinjiang residents in camps, but \u201cviewing a foreign website, taking phone calls from relatives abroad, praying regularly\u201d or even just \u201cgrowing a beard\u201d is enough to do it, according to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/6e151296fb194f85ba69a8babd972e4b\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Associated Press<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Punishments include torture,<\/strong>&nbsp;such as being chained up by wrists and ankles for hours or days, or being waterboarded, and conditions at the camps can be extremely unsanitary and crowded, witnesses have told the Associated Press, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/asia_pacific\/former-inmates-of-chinas-muslim-re-education-camps-tell-of-brainwashing-torture\/2018\/05\/16\/32b330e8-5850-11e8-8b92-45fdd7aaef3c_story.html?utm_term=.2064674ee3c0\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Washington Post<\/a>, and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/chinas-uighur-camps-swell-as-beijing-widens-the-dragnet-1534534894\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Wall Street Journal<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Detainees are told to denounce Islam,&nbsp;<\/strong>and are forced to repeat Communist Party slogans and sing Red songs for hours every day.<\/li>\n<li><strong>There is an actual educational component<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2014 inmates learn Mandarin Chinese, for example \u2014 but subjugating the Muslim population in Xinjiang and Uyghur dissidents abroad seems to be the primary purpose of the camps. \u201cGlowing state media reports have bragged about reeducation camps as free facilities that enable Uighurs to self-improve and see the error of \u2018backward\u2019 religious practices like excessive prayer or wearing religious garb. But the fact that state security operatives use the prospect of these camps as a threat to Uighurs contradicts this notion, suggesting they know that it is, in fact, a punishment,\u201d Megha Rajagopalan wrote in her second&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/china-uighur-spies-surveillance\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">report<\/a>&nbsp;on Xinjiang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>There is no clear legal basis<\/strong>&nbsp;for the camps, Jeremy Daum&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.chinalawtranslate.com\/xj-education-centers-exist-but-does-their-legal-basis\/?lang=en\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">writes at China Law Translate<\/a>: \u201cThe Xinjiang Regulation on De-extremification similarly uses \u2018education\u2019 as the lowest form of punishment, for situations not even meriting administrative punishments, but it would defy logic to read this as authorizing longer detention than the 15 days maximum authorized for the more serious violations.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Some detainees have died in the camps,&nbsp;<\/strong>\u201cmainly, but not all, older people,\u201d Uyghurs outside of China told the Wall Street Journal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/800.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Omir Bekali, a Kazakh Muslim who was one of the first to provide an on-the-record, named eyewitness account of the Xinjiang camps, told the Associated Press that the psychological stress he was forced to endure was so extreme, he wanted to kill himself after 20 days.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Prominent Uyghur individuals have been detained, in addition to hundreds of thousands of innocent common people. Rachel Harris of SOAS London&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thecessblog.com\/2018\/08\/18\/securitisation-and-mass-detentions-in-xinjiang-by-rachel-harris-soas-university-of-london\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">lists them<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li>Professional football player&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/fifpro-06132018164006.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Erfan Hezim<\/a>, detained in 2017.<\/li>\n<li>Prominent religious scholar&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/scholar-death-01292018180427.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Muhammad Salih Hajim<\/a>, 82, died in custody [40 days after he was reportedly detained], January 2018.<\/li>\n<li>Xinjiang University president&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/university-president-02202018173959.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Tashpolat Teyip<\/a>, detained in 2017, accused as a \u201ctwo-faced\u201d official, insufficiently loyal to the state.<\/li>\n<li>Xinjiang University professor&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/08\/10\/world\/asia\/china-xinjiang-rahile-dawut.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Rahile Dawut<\/a>, detained in 2017, possibly in connection with her ethnographic research on Uyghur religious culture.<\/li>\n<li>Uyghur writer and Xinjiang Normal University professor&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/scholar-04252018140407.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Abduqadir Jalaleddin<\/a>, detained in January 2018.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/mother-05312018150607.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Elenur Eqilahun<\/a>, detained in 2017, possibly for receiving calls from her daughter, who is studying abroad.<\/li>\n<li>Pop star&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/freemuse.org\/news\/uyghur-pop-star-detained-in-china\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Ablajan Ayup<\/a>, detained in February 2018, possibly for singing about Uyghur language education.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rfa.org\/english\/news\/uyghur\/arrest-01122018152937.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">Halmurat Ghopur<\/a>, vice provost of Xinjiang Medical Institute, detained in 2017 for exhibiting \u201cnationalistic tendencies.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ilham_Tohti\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Ilham Tohti<\/a>, the Uyghur writer and economics professor serving a life sentence in China on trumped-up separatism-related charges, is not included in this list. He was&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/09\/24\/world\/asia\/china-court-sentences-uighur-scholar-to-life-in-separatism-case.html\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">detained in 2014<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/cerd-hearing.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b>China\u2019s oddly specific denial<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">International attention focused on the situation in Xinjiang came in early August, as Chinese representatives were called to answer questions by the UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) in Geneva, Switzerland. On August 10, Gay McDougall, vice-chair of CERD,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-rights-un\/u-n-says-it-has-credible-reports-that-china-holds-million-uighurs-in-secret-camps-idUSKBN1KV1SU\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">said<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"font-style: italic; font-family: Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; padding: 2px 8px 2px 20px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-width: 3px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-size: 12px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;\">We are deeply concerned at the many numerous and credible reports that we have received that in the name of combating religious extremism and maintaining social stability (China) has changed the Uighur autonomous region into something that resembles a massive internment camp that is shrouded in secrecy, a sort of \u201cno rights zone.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Yemhelhe Mint Mohamed, another panel member at CERD, raised concerns over the \u201carbitrary and mass detention of almost 1 million Uighurs.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">On August 13, the Chinese delegation to CERD responded. At 1:08:44 in&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/webtv.un.org\/live-now\/watch\/consideration-of-china-contd-2655th-meeting-96th-session-committee-on-elimination-of-racial-discrimination\/5821496403001\/?term=\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">this video recording of the UN testimony<\/a>&nbsp;(in Chinese), you can hear a member of the Chinese delegation, Hu Lianhe \u80e1\u8054\u5408, issue this specific denial: \u201cThere is no such thing as so-called \u2018re-education camps\u2019 in Xinjiang\u201d (\u65b0\u7586\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u2018\u518d\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5fc3\u2019 x\u012bnji\u0101ng b\u00f9 c\u00fanz\u00e0i su\u01d2w\u00e8i de \u2018z\u00e0i ji\u00e0oy\u00f9 zh\u014dngx\u012bn\u2019).<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Chinese officials often use the phrase \u201cso-called\u201d (\u6240\u8c13\u7684 su\u01d2w\u00e8i de) when dismissing what they see as Western Lies, but here it is apparently used literally: The Chinese government does not call them \u201cre-education camps.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Instead of the term \u201cre-education camp\u201d (\u518d\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u5fc3 z\u00e0i ji\u00e0oy\u00f9 zh\u014dngx\u012bn), the Chinese government officially calls these facilities things like \u201ctransformation through education\u201d (\u6559\u80b2\u8f6c\u5316 ji\u00e0oy\u00f9 zhu\u01cenhu\u00e0) or \u201ccounter-extremism education\u201d (\u53bb\u6781\u7aef\u5316\u6559\u80b2 q\u00f9 j\u00eddu\u0101n hu\u00e0 ji\u00e0oy\u00f9) centers in Chinese, Adrian Zenz&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/36638456\/_Thoroughly_Reforming_them_Toward_a_Healthy_Heart_Attitude_-_Chinas_Political_Re-Education_Campaign_in_Xinjiang\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">documents<\/a>&nbsp;in his research.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">But while the Chinese delegates called the figure of 1 million detainees \u201ccompletely untrue,\u201d and declined to give their own figure on the number of those detained, the Wall Street Journal&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/china-denies-its-detaining-up-to-one-million-ethnic-muslims-in-camps-1534176351\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>&nbsp;that they did admit that at least some Xinjiang residents who had been imprisoned in anti-terrorism campaigns had been taken to \u201cvocational education.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\u201cI noticed you didn\u2019t quite deny these re-education or indoctrination programs,\u201d Gay McDougall said in closing remarks at the hearing.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">This is normal practice for China, as BuzzFeed&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/the-police-state-of-the-future-is-already-here#.nyemLvQxY\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">wrote in October 2017<\/a>: \u201cChinese state media has acknowledged the existence of the centers, and often boasts of the benefits they confer on the Uighur populace\u201d \u2014 though true numbers on the extent of detentions have never been admitted by the government.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/xinjiang-map-1200x961.png\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b>Why is this happening in Xinjiang, and why now?<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Similar to Tibet, Xinjiang has been subject to various degrees of control by Chinese emperors for centuries but was only really incorporated into China during the 18th century. Xinjiang briefly regained independence in the early 20th century before being subjugated again by the People\u2019s Republic of China in 1949. The government has since then continually sought to identify and crush individuals and groups supporting \u201cseparatism\u201d in both regions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">But Xinjiang is different in one obvious way: It is China\u2019s most heavily Muslim region. Relations between the Chinese government and China\u2019s ethnic minorities are complicated, and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/06\/16\/where-does-chinese-islamophobia-come-from\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Islamophobia<\/a>&nbsp;is a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/podcast\/islamophobia-china-explained-alice-su-ma-tianjie\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">complex, deeply rooted problem<\/a>&nbsp;in the country. Rachel Harris of SOAS London&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thecessblog.com\/2018\/08\/18\/securitisation-and-mass-detentions-in-xinjiang-by-rachel-harris-soas-university-of-london\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">writes<\/a>&nbsp;that \u201cstrike hard\u201d campaigns against Uyghur separatism were common throughout the 1990s, but that this morphed into a \u201cPeople\u2019s War on Terror\u201d \u2014 and \u201ccounterterrorism\u201d became a primary justification for harsh policies clamping down on Uyghurs \u2014 \u201csoon after the September 11 attacks on the United States.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\u201cCounterterrorism\u201d was increasingly relied on to justify the continued \u201cstrike hard\u201d campaigns and \u201cwar on terror\u201d in Xinjiang, following Uyghur-connected terrorist attacks in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2013_Tiananmen_Square_attack\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Beijing in 2013<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2014_Kunming_attack\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Kunming<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/May_2014_%C3%9Cr%C3%BCmqi_attack\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Urumqi<\/a>&nbsp;in 2014.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Then, two factors have accompanied the Uyghur repression going dramatically into overdrive in the past couple of years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>The first is Communist Party official&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Chen Quanguo<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u9648\u5168\u56fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/unnamed-file-1200x674.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><br \/>Chen Quanguo<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Scholars who study ethnic policies and domestic security in China, like Adrian Zenz and James Leibold, are&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamestown.org\/program\/chen-quanguo-the-strongman-behind-beijings-securitization-strategy-in-tibet-and-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">quick to point out<\/a>&nbsp;that Chen, whose securitization strategies were proven in Tibet, brought many of his same strategies to Xinjiang when he was transferred as Party Secretary from Tibet to Xinjiang. He is particularly well known for establishing \u201cconvenience police stations\u201d (\u4fbf\u6c11\u8b66\u52a1\u7ad9 bi\u00e0n m\u00ednj\u01d0ng w\u00f9 zh\u00e0n), or small outposts to maintain order set every few hundred feet along major roads, and for perfecting the Party\u2019s \u201cgrid-style social management\u201d (\u793e\u4f1a\u7f51\u683c\u5316\u7ba1\u7406 sh\u00e8hu\u00ec w\u01cengg\u00e9 hu\u00e0 gu\u01cenl\u01d0), a system of all-encompassing surveillance. Chen\u2019s firm grip produced the result the Party wanted: no major social unrest in Tibet for five years during Chen\u2019s entire time in power from 2011 to 2016 (though there was a spike in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Self-immolation_protests_by_Tibetans_in_China\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">protests by self-immolation<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Since Chen was transferred to Party Secretary of Xinjiang in 2016, he has applied the same techniques. In his first year, the regional government \u201cadvertised more than 84,000 security-related positions\u2026nearly 50 percent more than it did in the past 10 years,\u201d the South China Morning Post&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.scmp.com\/news\/china\/policies-politics\/article\/2106346\/xinjiangs-police-hiring-binge-comes-party-bosss-tibet\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reported<\/a>. The Wall Street Journal&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/twelve-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355?mg=prod\/accounts-wsj\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">notes<\/a>, \u201cDuring the first quarter of 2017, the government announced the equivalent of more than $1 billion in security-related investment projects in Xinjiang, up from $27 million in all of 2015, according to research in April by Chinese brokerage firm Industrial Securities.\u201d When Wall Street Journal reporters visited Xinjiang a year ago, they found that the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/twelve-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355?mg=prod\/accounts-wsj\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">surveillance state overwhelms daily life<\/a>\u201d \u2014 even entering and leaving a grocery store requires passing through a checkpoint, and many Uyghurs with black marks on their records are unable to pass checkpoints. Criminal arrests in Xinjiang \u2014 which do not even account for the hundreds of thousands of re-education camp detentions, which occur outside the legal system \u2014 have&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/07\/25\/a-police-state-of-historic-proportion-criminal-arrests-up-731-percent-in-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">skyrocketed 731 percent from 2016 to 2017<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>The second is the&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>Belt and Road Initiative<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/OBOR-China-e1520586283214.jpg\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">General Secretary Xi Jinping\u2019s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/06\/20\/belt-road-chinas-project-century\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">signature foreign policy<\/a>&nbsp;seeks to build infrastructure and new trading relationships across Eurasia, and Xinjiang is an essential crossroads of two major parts of Belt and Road: The land \u201cbelt\u201d part, which goes through Urumqi and passes into Kazakhstan, and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, which starts in Kashgar and ends at the important seaport of Gwadar. The ambition of the Belt and Road has greatly expanded in the past two years, just like the repression in Xinjiang. The Belt and Road cannot succeed without stability in Xinjiang, the thinking goes, so the Party took extreme measures to ensure that stability.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>The underlying factor, and prime justification the Party always claims, is \u201cstability\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">For years, the Party has avoided trying to justify its harsh measures in Xinjiang to an international audience, choosing instead to focus on the broad benefits of securitization and social stability programs. For instance, the Global Times, which often&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/01\/20\/speaks-chinese-government\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reflects, but does not officially represent<\/a>, official opinion in Beijing,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.globaltimes.cn\/content\/1115022.shtml\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">argued on August 12<\/a>&nbsp;that \u201cthe high intensity of regulations\u201d and ubiquitous \u201cpolice and security posts\u201d are necessary to maintain peace and ensure future development in Xinjiang. It further assures us that a \u201ctransition to normal governance\u201d will resume at some unspecified future time. And as it summarized in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/globaltimesnews\/status\/1028647300325928961\/photo\/1\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">tweet<\/a>&nbsp;of the article:<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/docs.uhrp.org\/images\/pasted-image-0-8-1-500x282.png\" style=\"border-style: none;\" width=\"100%\"><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Official statements in recent weeks were at first more circumspect, but that appears to be changing. Here\u2019s what officials have said so far:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>The Ministry of Foreign Affairs,<\/strong>&nbsp;to the Washington Post on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/asia_pacific\/new-evidence-emerges-that-china-is-forcing-muslims-into-reeducation-camps\/2018\/08\/10\/1d6d2f64-8dce-11e8-9b0d-749fb254bc3d_story.html?utm_term=.2dac1dc99e24\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">August 10<\/a>: \u201cI only want to emphasize that at the moment, the overall situation of Xinjiang society is stable, the momentum of its economic development is good and ethnic groups live in harmony.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lu Kang, Foreign Ministry spokesman,<\/strong>&nbsp;to Xinhua on&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.xinhuanet.com\/english\/2018-08\/14\/c_137389620.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">August 14<\/a>: \u201cSome anti-China forces have made false accusations against China for political purposes\u2026 The people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang cherish their happy and peaceful life.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Liu Xiaoming, Chinese ambassador to the U.K.<\/strong>&nbsp;on&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/05a81682-a219-11e8-85da-eeb7a9ce36e4\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">August 20<\/a>&nbsp;(Financial Times paywall): \u201cThe education and training measures taken by the local government of Xinjiang has not only effectively prevented the infiltration of religious extremism and helped those lost in extremist ideas to find their way back but also provided them with employment training in order to build a better life\u2026 Every country needs to tackle this challenge effectively. It is time to stop blaming China for taking lawful and effective preventive measures.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b><em>The very fact that so many Uyghurs have been detained has pushed the entire Uyghur diaspora into a state of anxiety.<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Adrian Zenz, a leading scholar studying the Xinjiang camps, who is cited many times above in this article, pointed out that \u201ceffective preventive measures\u201d&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/adrianzenz\/status\/1031842327059484678\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">means mass internment<\/a>&nbsp;in re-education camps, and this is an \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/adrianzenz\/status\/1031842324698017792\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">evident shift from denial to justification<\/a>\u201d that we are seeing unfold.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Robert Barnett, a scholar of Tibet and Xinjiang, says that the inspiration for mass re-education in Xinjiang actually&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/RobbieBarnett\/status\/1026588170056622080\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">came from Tibet<\/a>. He says, \u201cmy understanding of the decision to return to mass re-education rather than relying only on securitization was that it was presented to (or imposed on) Chen Quanguo in Tibet in 2011 by the inspection teams sent by Beijing for 3 yrs to assess the causes of 2008 unrest.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">James Leibold, a scholar of ethnic relations in China,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/jamestown.org\/program\/toward-a-second-generation-of-ethnic-policies\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">wrote in 2012<\/a>&nbsp;that there were then calls for a \u201cmajor rethink of ethnic policies,\u201d and that a \u201cseries of bloody ethnic riots\u201d in the previous decade had made the nationalistic arguments for mass assimilation much more popular. We can only assume that since 2012, with continued Uyghur terrorist attacks and unrest in Xinjiang, the Party has decided to go all-in on a mass assimilation policy in Xinjiang.<br \/><a id=\"The bigger story: Global significance\" name=\"The bigger story: Global significance\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><b>Why this isn\u2019t just a \u2018thing happening in a remote part of China\u2019<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">In short, the way that China is treating Uyghurs, and information about Uyghurs, shares many similarities with how China treats dissidents around the world and information unfavorable to the Communist Party broadly. As China hones its techniques to repress and silence Uyghurs in Xinjiang and elsewhere, there is no reason to think it won\u2019t apply the same techniques to more and more people. There are a few aspects to this:<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>Uyghurs abroad are being blackmailed into silence by China<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">There have been reports for years that China was exerting pressure on Uyghurs abroad \u2014 see, for example, a SupChina roundup of a few stories in August 2017:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2017\/08\/03\/chill-uyghurs-sweeps-across-mediterranean-chinas-latest-political-current-affairs-news\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">A chill for Uyghurs sweeps across the Mediterranean<\/a>. Also see a report by Emily Feng at the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/0ecec4fa-7276-11e7-aca6-c6bd07df1a3c\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\">Financial Times<\/a>&nbsp;from the same time that indicated, \u201cChinese officials have since May been sending notices to overseas Uighur students demanding their immediate return \u2014 often after detaining their parents in China,\u201d and that \u201cabout 150\u201d Uyghur students at Al-Azhar University in Cairo, Eygpt, had been detained by local authorities, with at least 22 being deported.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">But the threat of re-education camps has recently become a primary method of blackmail. Megha Rajagopalan\u2019s July 2018&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/china-uighur-spies-surveillance\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">report in BuzzFeed<\/a>&nbsp;cited \u201c10 people in the exiled Uighur community who were targeted by Chinese state security after they moved overseas,\u201d and \u201cevery person interviewed\u2026said state security operatives told them their families could be sent to, or would remain in, internment camps for \u2018reeducation\u2019 if they did not comply with their demands. It was a campaign, they said, that aimed not only to gather details about Uighurs\u2019 activities abroad, but also to sow discord within exile communities in the West and intimidate people in hopes of preventing them from speaking out against the Chinese state.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">And although \u201cChina has used such tactics since at least the 1990s to put pressure on those it believes are seeking to undermine the state,\u201d the campaign against Uyghurs \u201chas gotten far more aggressive over the past two years and has been bolstered by digital surveillance tactics.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Bethany Allen-Ebrahimian has also written two pieces on Chinese pressure on specific Uyghur communities abroad: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/chinese-police-are-spying-on-uighurson-american-soil\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Chinese cops now spying on American soil<\/a>,\u201d in the Daily Beast, and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2018\/03\/02\/chinese-police-are-secretly-demanding-personal-information-from-french-citizens-uighurs-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Chinese police are demanding personal information from Uighurs in France<\/a>,\u201d in Foreign Policy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">The very fact that so many Uyghurs have been detained has pushed the entire Uyghur diaspora into a state of anxiety. The Globe and Mail tells some of these stories: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/world\/article-exporting-persecution-uyghur-diaspora-haunted-by-anxiety-guilt-as\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Exporting persecution: Uyghur diaspora haunted by anxiety, guilt as family held in Chinese camps<\/a>,\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/news\/world\/uyghurs-around-the-world-feel-new-pressure-as-china-increases-its-focus-on-thoseabroad\/article36759591\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Uyghurs around the world feel new pressure as China increases its focus on those abroad<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Why would we doubt that these newly honed techniques wouldn\u2019t be applied \u2014 or aren\u2019t already being applied \u2014 to all sorts of dissident groups abroad?<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>The surveillance equipment pioneered in Xinjiang is being exported<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Xinjiang officials spent&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/06\/27\/9-billion-spent-on-surveillance-tech-in-xinjiang-in-2017\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">$9 billion<\/a>&nbsp;on surveillance equipment in 2017. The ubiquity of surveillance and techniques used was perhaps most comprehensively captured in the Wall Street Journal\u2019s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/twelve-days-in-xinjiang-how-chinas-surveillance-state-overwhelms-daily-life-1513700355?mg=prod\/accounts-wsj\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">December 2017<\/a>report.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Reuters&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-china-monitoring-insight\/from-laboratory-in-far-west-chinas-surveillance-state-spreads-quietly-idUSKBN1KZ0R3\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reported<\/a>&nbsp;this month that a handheld scanner commonly used by police in Xinjiang, which can \u201cbreak into smartphones and extract and analyze contact lists, photos, videos, social media posts and email,\u201d was ordered by \u201cpolice stations in almost every province\u201d since 2016.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Adrian Zenz&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.buzzfeednews.com\/article\/meghara\/the-police-state-of-the-future-is-already-here#.nyemLvQxY\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">told BuzzFeed<\/a>&nbsp;last year that Xinjiang is \u201ca kind of frontline laboratory for surveillance\u2026 Because it\u2019s a bit outside of the public eye, there can be more experimentation there.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Some reports have also shown how Chinese surveillance technology is being exported abroad, including two pieces in Foreign Policy: \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2018\/08\/09\/ecuadors-all-seeing-eye-is-made-in-china\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Ecuador\u2019s all-seeing eye is made in China<\/a>\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2018\/07\/24\/beijings-big-brother-tech-needs-african-faces\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Beijing\u2019s Big Brother tech needs African faces<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>China is testing the world\u2019s response to its human rights abuses, and so far, the response is underwhelming<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Recent reports have indicated that the repression of Islam in Xinjiang is spreading to other parts of China, in particular neighboring Gansu. Agence France-Presse&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkongfp.com\/2018\/07\/16\/scared-scared-muslims-chinas-little-mecca-fear-eradication-islam\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reports<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote style=\"font-style: italic; font-family: Georgia, Times, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; padding: 2px 8px 2px 20px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-width: 3px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-size: 12px;\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;\">The Communist Party has banned minors under 16 from religious activity or study in Linxia, worrying many of the local Hui people. One senior imam reflected on the policies\u2019 similarities to those in Xinjiang, stating, \u201cFrankly, I\u2019m very afraid they\u2019re going to implement the Xinjiang model here.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">This makes the relative radio silence from Muslim countries all the more stunning.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<li><strong>Central Asian countries neighboring Xinjiang&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>have done&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>little<\/strong>&nbsp;to speak out about the re-education camps, the scholar Gene Bunin&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2018\/08\/15\/central-asia-struggles-with-fallout-from-chinas-internment-of-minorities\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">writes<\/a>: \u201cThough people in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Pakistan all demand the reunification of their families and the safety of relatives in Xinjiang, their governments, despite not openly supporting China\u2019s internal policies, still find themselves numb before an overwhelmingly powerful neighbor.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Bunin attributes the numbness<\/strong>&nbsp;to the fact that \u201cmuch of these countries\u2019 future development depends on China.\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Another explanation for the silence:<\/strong>&nbsp;Uyghurs \u201care on the edge of the Muslim world, in contrast to the Palestinian cause, which is directly connected to the fate of one of Islam\u2019s holiest cities, Jerusalem,\u201d Nithin Coca&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2018\/07\/24\/islamic-leaders-have-nothing-to-say-about-chinas-internment-camps-for-muslims\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145);\" target=\"_blank\">says<\/a>. With Xinjiang being remote, and access being limited, few photos and videos of oppression are published widely, so the world is slower to respond.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Jerome Cohen, one of the most authoritative scholars of Chinese law and a specialist in human rights in China,&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jeromecohen.net\/jerrys-blog\/2018\/7\/25\/what-can-be-done-regarding-xinjiangs-mass-detentions\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">has recommended<\/a>&nbsp;that \u201cthe U.S. Government adopt Magnitsky Act sanctions against those responsible for Xinjiang, starting with Xi Jinping.\u201d In April, a U.S. State Department official&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.apnews.com\/13ee0b95c05249a8be7c0467bf413b6e\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">said<\/a>&nbsp;that the government was considering pursuing sanctions on officials involved in Xinjiang. Multiple scholars and civil society representatives in July&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkongfp.com\/2018\/07\/27\/us-urged-sanction-chinese-officials-overseeing-sweeping-crackdown-muslim-region\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">urged the U.S. to sanction<\/a>&nbsp;Chinese officials \u2014 in particular, Chen Quanguo \u9648\u5168\u56fd \u2014 but so far, nothing.<\/p>\n<div class=\"SandboxRoot env-bp-350\" data-twitter-event-id=\"2\" style=\"direction: ltr; background: 0px 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; font-family: Helvetica, Roboto, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); white-space: initial; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet EmbeddedTweet--edge js-clickToOpenTarget tweet-InformationCircle-widgetParent\" data-click-to-open-target=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tombschrader\/status\/1025884916687556613\" data-iframe-title=\"Twitter Tweet\" data-scribe=\"page:tweet\" data-twitter-event-id=\"5\" id=\"twitter-widget-2\" lang=\"en\" style=\"overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(225, 232, 237); border-radius: 5px; max-width: 520px; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweetContainer\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweet\" style=\"padding: 20px 20px 11.6px;\">\n<blockquote cite=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tombschrader\/status\/1025884916687556613\" class=\"Tweet h-entry js-tweetIdInfo subject expanded\" data-scribe=\"section:subject\" data-tweet-id=\"1025884916687556613\" style=\"margin: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none;\">\n<div class=\"Tweet-header\" style=\"display: flex;\"><a aria-label=\"Matt Schrader (screen name: tombschrader)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-avatar  Identity-avatar u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tombschrader\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; height: 36px; margin-right: 9px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"Avatar Avatar--edge\" data-scribe=\"element:avatar\" data-src-1x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/809866246372126721\/OscA-YpJ_normal.jpg\" data-src-2x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/809866246372126721\/OscA-YpJ_bigger.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/809866246372126721\/OscA-YpJ_normal.jpg\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 50%;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor js-inViewportScribingTarget\" data-scribe=\"component:author\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor-nameScreenNameContainer\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.2; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; min-width: 0px;\"><a aria-label=\"Matt Schrader (screen name: tombschrader)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tombschrader\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-name Identity-name customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:name\" style=\"font-weight: 700; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 4px;\" title=\"Matt Schrader\">Matt Schrader<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TweetAuthor-screenName Identity-screenName\" data-scribe=\"element:screen_name\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"color: rgb(105, 120, 130); font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 1;\" title=\"@tombschrader\">@tombschrader<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-brand\" style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div aria-label=\"View on Twitter\" class=\"Icon Icon--twitter \" role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h72v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M68.812%2015.14c-2.348%201.04-4.87%201.744-7.52%202.06%202.704-1.62%204.78-4.186%205.757-7.243-2.53%201.5-5.33%202.592-8.314%203.176C56.35%2010.59%2052.948%209%2049.182%209c-7.23%200-13.092%205.86-13.092%2013.093%200%201.026.118%202.02.338%202.98C25.543%2024.527%2015.9%2019.318%209.44%2011.396c-1.125%201.936-1.77%204.184-1.77%206.58%200%204.543%202.312%208.552%205.824%2010.9-2.146-.07-4.165-.658-5.93-1.64-.002.056-.002.11-.002.163%200%206.345%204.513%2011.638%2010.504%2012.84-1.1.298-2.256.457-3.45.457-.845%200-1.666-.078-2.464-.23%201.667%205.2%206.5%208.985%2012.23%209.09-4.482%203.51-10.13%205.605-16.26%205.605-1.055%200-2.096-.06-3.122-.184%205.794%203.717%2012.676%205.882%2020.067%205.882%2024.083%200%2037.25-19.95%2037.25-37.25%200-.565-.013-1.133-.038-1.693%202.558-1.847%204.778-4.15%206.532-6.774z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"View on Twitter\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-body e-entry-content\" data-scribe=\"component:tweet\" style=\"margin-top: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"u-hiddenVisually js-inViewportScribingTarget\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p class=\"Tweet-text e-entry-title\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; white-space: pre-wrap; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word; direction: ltr;\">Been thinking a lot lately about the China-watching community&#8217;s obligation to call attention to the mass imprisonment and brainwashing of Uighurs in Xinjiang. The more I think, the less patience I have with anything less than single-minded, full-throated condemnation.<\/p>\n<div class=\"Tweet-metadata dateline\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); margin-top: 3.2px;\"><a class=\"u-linkBlend u-url customisable-highlight long-permalink\" data-datetime=\"2018-08-04T23:23:18+0000\" data-scribe=\"element:full_timestamp\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tombschrader\/status\/1025884916687556613\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\">2:23 AM &#8211; Aug 5, 2018<\/a><\/div>\n<ul aria-label=\"Tweet actions\" class=\"Tweet-actions Tweet-action--newsActions\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" role=\"menu\" style=\"margin: 8.4px 15px 0px 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: initial; border-width: initial; border-style: none; display: flex; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;\">\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--heartEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:heart\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2224%22%20height%3D%2224%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M12%2021.638h-.014C9.403%2021.59%201.95%2014.856%201.95%208.478c0-3.064%202.525-5.754%205.403-5.754%202.29%200%203.83%201.58%204.646%202.73.813-1.148%202.353-2.73%204.644-2.73%202.88%200%205.404%202.69%205.404%205.755%200%206.375-7.454%2013.11-10.037%2013.156H12zM7.354%204.225c-2.08%200-3.903%201.988-3.903%204.255%200%205.74%207.035%2011.596%208.55%2011.658%201.52-.062%208.55-5.917%208.55-11.658%200-2.267-1.822-4.255-3.902-4.255-2.528%200-3.94%202.936-3.952%202.965-.23.562-1.156.562-1.387%200-.015-.03-1.426-2.965-3.955-2.965z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--heart TweetAction TweetAction--heartEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/like?tweet_id=1025884916687556613\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"Like\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:heart_count\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">412<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--replyEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_icon\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M14.046%202.242l-4.148-.01h-.002c-4.374%200-7.8%203.427-7.8%207.802%200%204.098%203.186%207.206%207.465%207.37v3.828c0%20.108.045.286.12.403.143.225.385.347.633.347.138%200%20.277-.038.402-.118.264-.168%206.473-4.14%208.088-5.506%201.902-1.61%203.04-3.97%203.043-6.312v-.017c-.006-4.368-3.43-7.788-7.8-7.79zm3.787%2012.972c-1.134.96-4.862%203.405-6.772%204.643V16.67c0-.414-.334-.75-.75-.75h-.395c-3.66%200-6.318-2.476-6.318-5.886%200-3.534%202.768-6.302%206.3-6.302l4.147.01h.002c3.532%200%206.3%202.766%206.302%206.296-.003%201.91-.942%203.844-2.514%205.176z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); transform: scaleX(1); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--replyEdge TweetAction TweetAction--replyEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:news\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tombschrader\/status\/1025884916687556613\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"View the conversation on Twitter\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_text\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">232 people are talking about this<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tweet-InformationCircle--bottom tweet-InformationCircle\" data-scribe=\"element:notice\" style=\"position: absolute; right: 0px; bottom: 3px; margin: 10px 18px 8px;\"><a class=\"Icon Icon--informationCircleWhite js-inViewportScribingTarget\" href=\"https:\/\/support.twitter.com\/articles\/20175256\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); display: inline-block; height: 18px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 18px; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate(8%208)%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20fill-opacity%3D%22.8%22%20d%3D%22M28%203.11C14.278%203.11%203.11%2014.276%203.11%2028c0%2013.723%2011.166%2024.887%2024.89%2024.887S52.89%2041.723%2052.89%2028C52.89%2014.274%2041.724%203.11%2028%203.11z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M28%2044.593c-1.718%200-3.11-1.393-3.11-3.112V30.076c0-1.718%201.392-3.11%203.11-3.11s3.11%201.392%203.11%203.11V41.48c0%201.72-1.392%203.113-3.11%203.113z%22%2F%3E%3Ccircle%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20cx%3D%2228%22%20cy%3D%2218.148%22%20r%3D%224.667%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M28%2056C12.56%2056%200%2043.44%200%2028S12.56%200%2028%200s28%2012.56%2028%2028-12.56%2028-28%2028zm0-49.778C15.99%206.222%206.222%2015.992%206.222%2028S15.992%2049.778%2028%2049.778c12.01%200%2021.778-9.77%2021.778-21.778S40.008%206.222%2028%206.222z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); outline: 0px;\" title=\"Twitter Ads info and privacy\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">Twitter Ads info and privacy<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"resize-sensor\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"resize-sensor-expand\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; transition: all 0s ease 0s; width: 510px; height: 256px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"resize-sensor-shrink\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; transition: all 0s ease 0s; width: 1000px; height: 492.8px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">That\u2019s not to say there\u2019s not discussion. A debate has begun about how sinologists and academics who research China should respond to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/07\/25\/a-police-state-of-historic-proportion-criminal-arrests-up-731-percent-in-xinjiang\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">enormous repression and social engineering<\/a>&nbsp;under way in Xinjiang. Scholar Andrew Chubb has summarized the different arguments in a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/zhubochubo\/status\/1022384451592937472\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">useful Twitter thread<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>And then there\u2019s this: Harassment and abuse of journalists reflects a broader trend<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Globe and Mail China correspondent Nathan Vanderklippe was detained a year ago when he&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.theglobeandmail.com\/news\/world\/uyghurs-xinjiang-re-education\/article36208534\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reported on Xinjiang<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Family relatives of four ethnic Uighur journalists, including three who are U.S. citizens, working for the U.S.-funded outlet Radio Free Asia, were \u201cdetained or have disappeared\u201d in Xinjiang, the Washington Post&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/china-detains-relatives-of-us-reporters-in-apparent-punishment-for-xinjiang-coverage\/2018\/02\/27\/4e8d84ae-1b8c-11e8-8a2c-1a6665f59e95_story.html?utm_term=.13a87544409d\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">reported in January 2018<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">BuzzFeed journalist Megha Rajagopalan, who wrote essential reporting on Xinjiang that is cited countless times in this article, was recently&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hongkongfp.com\/2018\/08\/22\/buzzfeed-journalist-denied-new-china-visa-following-award-winning-coverage-xinjiang-crackdown\/\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">forced to leave China after her journalism visa application was denied<\/a>&nbsp;by authorities without an explanation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">As Joanna Chiu, a journalist and writer on China, notes, it is \u201cpart of a pattern of denying visa access to foreign correspondents who covered sensitive issues.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"SandboxRoot env-bp-350\" data-twitter-event-id=\"3\" style=\"direction: ltr; background: 0px 0px; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; font-family: Helvetica, Roboto, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, Calibri, sans-serif; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); white-space: initial; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet EmbeddedTweet--edge js-clickToOpenTarget tweet-InformationCircle-widgetParent\" data-click-to-open-target=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\/status\/1032137449894371328\" data-iframe-title=\"Twitter Tweet\" data-scribe=\"page:tweet\" data-twitter-event-id=\"6\" id=\"twitter-widget-3\" lang=\"en\" style=\"overflow: hidden; cursor: pointer; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(225, 232, 237); border-radius: 5px; max-width: 520px; position: relative;\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweetContainer\">\n<div class=\"EmbeddedTweet-tweet\" style=\"padding: 20px 20px 11.6px;\">\n<blockquote cite=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\/status\/1032137449894371328\" class=\"Tweet h-entry js-tweetIdInfo subject expanded\" data-scribe=\"section:subject\" data-tweet-id=\"1032137449894371328\" style=\"margin: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none;\">\n<div class=\"Tweet-header\" style=\"display: flex;\"><a aria-label=\"Joanna Chiu \u8d99\u6dc7\u6b23 (screen name: joannachiu)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-avatar  Identity-avatar u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; height: 36px; margin-right: 9px; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" class=\"Avatar Avatar--edge\" data-scribe=\"element:avatar\" data-src-1x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/378800000391418955\/915cc5457766c873fc04efd1dc2a8c58_normal.jpeg\" data-src-2x=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/378800000391418955\/915cc5457766c873fc04efd1dc2a8c58_bigger.jpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/pbs.twimg.com\/profile_images\/378800000391418955\/915cc5457766c873fc04efd1dc2a8c58_normal.jpeg\" style=\"max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; border-radius: 50%;\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor js-inViewportScribingTarget\" data-scribe=\"component:author\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor-nameScreenNameContainer\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.2; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; min-width: 0px;\"><a aria-label=\"Joanna Chiu \u8d99\u6dc7\u6b23 (screen name: joannachiu)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-name Identity-name customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:name\" style=\"font-weight: 700; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 4px;\" title=\"Joanna Chiu \u8d99\u6dc7\u6b23\">Joanna Chiu \u8d99\u6dc7\u6b23<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div aria-label=\"Verified Account\" class=\"Icon Icon--verified \" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.11111em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2064%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h64v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M3%2037.315c0%204.125%202.162%207.726%205.363%209.624-.056.467-.09.937-.09%201.42%200%206.103%204.72%2011.045%2010.546%2011.045%201.295%200%202.542-.234%203.687-.686C24.22%2062.4%2027.827%2064.93%2032%2064.93c4.174%200%207.782-2.53%209.49-6.213%201.148.45%202.39.685%203.69.685%205.826%200%2010.546-4.94%2010.546-11.045%200-.483-.037-.953-.093-1.42C58.83%2045.04%2061%2041.44%2061%2037.314c0-4.37-2.42-8.15-5.933-9.946.427-1.203.658-2.5.658-3.865%200-6.104-4.72-11.045-10.545-11.045-1.302%200-2.543.232-3.69.688-1.707-3.685-5.315-6.216-9.49-6.216-4.173%200-7.778%202.53-9.492%206.216-1.146-.455-2.393-.688-3.688-.688-5.827%200-10.545%204.94-10.545%2011.045%200%201.364.23%202.662.656%203.864C5.42%2029.163%203%2032.944%203%2037.314z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M17.87%2039.08l7.015%206.978c.585.582%201.35.873%202.116.873.77%200%201.542-.294%202.127-.883.344-.346%2015.98-15.974%2015.98-15.974%201.172-1.172%201.172-3.07%200-4.243-1.17-1.17-3.07-1.172-4.242%200l-13.87%2013.863-4.892-4.868c-1.174-1.168-3.074-1.164-4.242.01-1.168%201.176-1.163%203.075.01%204.244z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"Verified Account\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a aria-label=\"Joanna Chiu \u8d99\u6dc7\u6b23 (screen name: joannachiu)\" class=\"TweetAuthor-link Identity u-linkBlend\" data-scribe=\"element:user_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; display: flex; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-verifiedBadge\" data-scribe=\"element:verified_badge\" style=\"position: static; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; padding-right: 4px;\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">\u2714<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"TweetAuthor-screenName Identity-screenName\" data-scribe=\"element:screen_name\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"color: rgb(105, 120, 130); font-size: 14px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 1;\" title=\"@joannachiu\">@joannachiu<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-brand\" style=\"margin-left: auto;\">\n<div aria-label=\"View on Twitter\" class=\"Icon Icon--twitter \" role=\"presentation\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h72v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M68.812%2015.14c-2.348%201.04-4.87%201.744-7.52%202.06%202.704-1.62%204.78-4.186%205.757-7.243-2.53%201.5-5.33%202.592-8.314%203.176C56.35%2010.59%2052.948%209%2049.182%209c-7.23%200-13.092%205.86-13.092%2013.093%200%201.026.118%202.02.338%202.98C25.543%2024.527%2015.9%2019.318%209.44%2011.396c-1.125%201.936-1.77%204.184-1.77%206.58%200%204.543%202.312%208.552%205.824%2010.9-2.146-.07-4.165-.658-5.93-1.64-.002.056-.002.11-.002.163%200%206.345%204.513%2011.638%2010.504%2012.84-1.1.298-2.256.457-3.45.457-.845%200-1.666-.078-2.464-.23%201.667%205.2%206.5%208.985%2012.23%209.09-4.482%203.51-10.13%205.605-16.26%205.605-1.055%200-2.096-.06-3.122-.184%205.794%203.717%2012.676%205.882%2020.067%205.882%2024.083%200%2037.25-19.95%2037.25-37.25%200-.565-.013-1.133-.038-1.693%202.558-1.847%204.778-4.15%206.532-6.774z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"View on Twitter\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-body e-entry-content\" data-scribe=\"component:tweet\" style=\"margin-top: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"u-hiddenVisually js-inViewportScribingTarget\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p class=\"Tweet-text e-entry-title\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; white-space: pre-wrap; cursor: text; overflow-wrap: break-word; direction: ltr;\">China declined visa renewal to a Buzzfeed reporter who did brilliant work on <a class=\"PrettyLink hashtag customisable\" data-query-source=\"hashtag_click\" data-scribe=\"element:hashtag\" dir=\"ltr\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/Xinjiang?src=hash\" rel=\"tag\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); outline: 0px;\"><span class=\"PrettyLink-prefix\">#<\/span><span class=\"PrettyLink-value\">Xinjiang<\/span><\/a> and surveillance tech, among many other important topics. While not technically expulsion, it\u2019s part of a pattern of denying visa access to foreign correspondents who covered sensitive issues.<\/p>\n<div class=\"Tweet-card\" style=\"margin-top: 10.4px; font-size: 14px;\">\n<div class=\"QuoteTweet\" data-scribe=\"section:quote\" style=\"border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(225, 232, 237); border-radius: 4px; margin-bottom: 10px;\" tabindex=\"0\">\n<div class=\"QuoteTweet-nonMediaContainer\" style=\"margin: 10px;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor js-inViewportScribingTarget TweetAuthor--oneLine\" data-scribe=\"component:author\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: column; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"TweetAuthor-nameScreenNameContainer\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-orient: horizontal; -webkit-box-direction: normal; flex-direction: row; line-height: 1.2; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px;\"><a class=\"QuoteTweet-link\" data-tweet-id=\"1032118188899586049\" data-tweet-item-type=\"23\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/meghara\/status\/1032118188899586049\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); outline: 0px;\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; width: auto; flex-shrink: 0; max-width: 100%;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-name Identity-name customisable-highlight\" data-scribe=\"element:name\" style=\"font-weight: 700; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 4px;\" title=\"Megha Rajagopalan\">Megha Rajagopalan<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div aria-label=\"Verified Account\" class=\"Icon Icon--verified \" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.11111em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2064%2072%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22none%22%20d%3D%22M0%200h64v72H0z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%231da1f2%22%20d%3D%22M3%2037.315c0%204.125%202.162%207.726%205.363%209.624-.056.467-.09.937-.09%201.42%200%206.103%204.72%2011.045%2010.546%2011.045%201.295%200%202.542-.234%203.687-.686C24.22%2062.4%2027.827%2064.93%2032%2064.93c4.174%200%207.782-2.53%209.49-6.213%201.148.45%202.39.685%203.69.685%205.826%200%2010.546-4.94%2010.546-11.045%200-.483-.037-.953-.093-1.42C58.83%2045.04%2061%2041.44%2061%2037.314c0-4.37-2.42-8.15-5.933-9.946.427-1.203.658-2.5.658-3.865%200-6.104-4.72-11.045-10.545-11.045-1.302%200-2.543.232-3.69.688-1.707-3.685-5.315-6.216-9.49-6.216-4.173%200-7.778%202.53-9.492%206.216-1.146-.455-2.393-.688-3.688-.688-5.827%200-10.545%204.94-10.545%2011.045%200%201.364.23%202.662.656%203.864C5.42%2029.163%203%2032.944%203%2037.314z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M17.87%2039.08l7.015%206.978c.585.582%201.35.873%202.116.873.77%200%201.542-.294%202.127-.883.344-.346%2015.98-15.974%2015.98-15.974%201.172-1.172%201.172-3.07%200-4.243-1.17-1.17-3.07-1.172-4.242%200l-13.87%2013.863-4.892-4.868c-1.174-1.168-3.074-1.164-4.242.01-1.168%201.176-1.163%203.075.01%204.244z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;);\" title=\"Verified Account\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"QuoteTweet-link\" data-tweet-id=\"1032118188899586049\" data-tweet-item-type=\"23\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/meghara\/status\/1032118188899586049\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); outline: 0px;\" target=\"_blank\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-decoratedName\" style=\"display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; min-width: 0px; width: auto; flex-shrink: 0; max-width: 100%;\"><span class=\"TweetAuthor-verifiedBadge\" data-scribe=\"element:verified_badge\" style=\"position: static; -webkit-box-flex: 0; flex: 0 0 auto; padding-right: 4px;\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">\u2714<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"TweetAuthor-screenName Identity-screenName\" data-scribe=\"element:screen_name\" dir=\"ltr\" style=\"color: rgb(105, 120, 130); overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 1;\" title=\"@meghara\">@meghara<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-inReplyTo\" style=\"margin-bottom: 2px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130);\">\n<div data-scribe=\"element:in_reply_to_user_link\"><a class=\"QuoteTweet-link\" data-tweet-id=\"1032118188899586049\" data-tweet-item-type=\"23\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/meghara\/status\/1032118188899586049\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); outline: 0px;\" target=\"_blank\">Replying to @meghara<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"QuoteTweet-text e-entry-title\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin-top: 4px; margin-bottom: 0px; list-style: none; border-width: initial; border-style: none; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word;\"><a class=\"QuoteTweet-link\" data-tweet-id=\"1032118188899586049\" data-tweet-item-type=\"23\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/meghara\/status\/1032118188899586049\" rel=\"noopener\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(28, 32, 34); outline: 0px;\" target=\"_blank\">It is bittersweet to leave Beijing after spending six wonderful and eye-opening years as a journalist there. In May, China&#8217;s Foreign Ministry declined to issue me a new journalist visa. They say this is a process thing, we are not totally clear why.<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"Tweet-metadata dateline\" style=\"font-size: 14px; color: rgb(105, 120, 130);\"><a class=\"u-linkBlend u-url customisable-highlight long-permalink\" data-datetime=\"2018-08-22T05:28:38+0000\" data-scribe=\"element:full_timestamp\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\/status\/1032137449894371328\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; outline: 0px; font-weight: inherit;\">8:28 AM &#8211; Aug 22, 2018<\/a><\/div>\n<ul aria-label=\"Tweet actions\" class=\"Tweet-actions Tweet-action--newsActions\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" role=\"menu\" style=\"margin: 8.4px 15px 0px 0px; list-style-type: none; list-style-image: initial; border-width: initial; border-style: none; display: flex; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden;\">\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--heartEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:heart\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%2224%22%20height%3D%2224%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M12%2021.638h-.014C9.403%2021.59%201.95%2014.856%201.95%208.478c0-3.064%202.525-5.754%205.403-5.754%202.29%200%203.83%201.58%204.646%202.73.813-1.148%202.353-2.73%204.644-2.73%202.88%200%205.404%202.69%205.404%205.755%200%206.375-7.454%2013.11-10.037%2013.156H12zM7.354%204.225c-2.08%200-3.903%201.988-3.903%204.255%200%205.74%207.035%2011.596%208.55%2011.658%201.52-.062%208.55-5.917%208.55-11.658%200-2.267-1.822-4.255-3.902-4.255-2.528%200-3.94%202.936-3.952%202.965-.23.562-1.156.562-1.387%200-.015-.03-1.426-2.965-3.955-2.965z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--heart TweetAction TweetAction--heartEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:actions\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/like?tweet_id=1032137449894371328\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"Like\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:heart_count\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">334<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"Tweet-action Tweet-action--newsAction\" style=\"display: inline-block; margin-left: 7px; overflow: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"Icon Icon--replyEdge TweetAction-icon\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_icon\" role=\"img\" style=\"display: inline-block; height: 1.25em; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 1.25em; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%3E%3Cpath%20class%3D%22icon%22%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20d%3D%22M14.046%202.242l-4.148-.01h-.002c-4.374%200-7.8%203.427-7.8%207.802%200%204.098%203.186%207.206%207.465%207.37v3.828c0%20.108.045.286.12.403.143.225.385.347.633.347.138%200%20.277-.038.402-.118.264-.168%206.473-4.14%208.088-5.506%201.902-1.61%203.04-3.97%203.043-6.312v-.017c-.006-4.368-3.43-7.788-7.8-7.79zm3.787%2012.972c-1.134.96-4.862%203.405-6.772%204.643V16.67c0-.414-.334-.75-.75-.75h-.395c-3.66%200-6.318-2.476-6.318-5.886%200-3.534%202.768-6.302%206.3-6.302l4.147.01h.002c3.532%200%206.3%202.766%206.302%206.296-.003%201.91-.942%203.844-2.514%205.176z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); transform: scaleX(1); flex-shrink: 0;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"Tweet-action--replyEdge TweetAction TweetAction--replyEdge\" data-scribe=\"component:news\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/joannachiu\/status\/1032137449894371328\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(105, 120, 130); display: flex; -webkit-box-align: center; align-items: center; outline: 0px;\" title=\"View the conversation on Twitter\"><span class=\"TweetAction-stat\" data-scribe=\"element:conversation_text\" style=\"display: inline-block; font-size: 14px; vertical-align: text-bottom; margin-left: 3px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; min-width: 0px;\">309 people are talking about this<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"tweet-InformationCircle--bottom tweet-InformationCircle\" data-scribe=\"element:notice\" style=\"position: absolute; right: 0px; bottom: 3px; margin: 10px 18px 8px;\"><a class=\"Icon Icon--informationCircleWhite js-inViewportScribingTarget\" href=\"https:\/\/support.twitter.com\/articles\/20175256\" style=\"background-color: transparent; color: rgb(43, 123, 185); display: inline-block; height: 18px; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: contain; vertical-align: text-bottom; width: 18px; background-image: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2072%2072%22%3E%3Cg%20transform%3D%22translate(8%208)%22%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23657786%22%20fill-opacity%3D%22.8%22%20d%3D%22M28%203.11C14.278%203.11%203.11%2014.276%203.11%2028c0%2013.723%2011.166%2024.887%2024.89%2024.887S52.89%2041.723%2052.89%2028C52.89%2014.274%2041.724%203.11%2028%203.11z%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M28%2044.593c-1.718%200-3.11-1.393-3.11-3.112V30.076c0-1.718%201.392-3.11%203.11-3.11s3.11%201.392%203.11%203.11V41.48c0%201.72-1.392%203.113-3.11%203.113z%22%2F%3E%3Ccircle%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20cx%3D%2228%22%20cy%3D%2218.148%22%20r%3D%224.667%22%2F%3E%3Cpath%20fill%3D%22%23FFF%22%20d%3D%22M28%2056C12.56%2056%200%2043.44%200%2028S12.56%200%2028%200s28%2012.56%2028%2028-12.56%2028-28%2028zm0-49.778C15.99%206.222%206.222%2015.992%206.222%2028S15.992%2049.778%2028%2049.778c12.01%200%2021.778-9.77%2021.778-21.778S40.008%206.222%2028%206.222z%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fg%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E&quot;); outline: 0px;\" title=\"Twitter Ads info and privacy\"><span class=\"u-hiddenVisually\" style=\"position: absolute !important; overflow: hidden !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px) !important;\">Twitter Ads info and privacy<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"resize-sensor\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div class=\"resize-sensor-expand\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; transition: all 0s ease 0s; width: 510px; height: 416px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"resize-sensor-shrink\" style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; z-index: -1; visibility: hidden;\">\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; transition: all 0s ease 0s; width: 1000px; height: 811px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;\"><twitterwidget class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\" data-tweet-id=\"943278977501634560\" id=\"twitter-widget-0\" style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; position: static; visibility: visible; display: block; transform: rotate(0deg); max-width: 100%; width: 500px; min-width: 220px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;\"><\/twitterwidget><twitterwidget class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\" data-tweet-id=\"1030651366136586240\" id=\"twitter-widget-1\" style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; position: static; visibility: visible; display: block; transform: rotate(0deg); max-width: 100%; width: 500px; min-width: 220px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;\"><\/twitterwidget><twitterwidget class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\" data-tweet-id=\"1025884916687556613\" id=\"twitter-widget-2\" style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; position: static; visibility: visible; display: block; transform: rotate(0deg); max-width: 100%; width: 500px; min-width: 220px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;\"><\/twitterwidget><twitterwidget class=\"twitter-tweet twitter-tweet-rendered\" data-tweet-id=\"1032137449894371328\" id=\"twitter-widget-3\" style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; position: static; visibility: visible; display: block; transform: rotate(0deg); max-width: 100%; width: 500px; min-width: 220px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px;\"><\/twitterwidget><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>To sum up,<\/strong>&nbsp;with every step toward more repression and more restriction on information, we are less likely to know the full extent of China\u2019s human rights abuses. It\u2019s remarkable we know as much as we do about Xinjiang, how fast the situation has deteriorated, and how little the world is doing about it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Source:&nbsp;<a class=\"article-link\" href=\"https:\/\/supchina.com\/2018\/08\/22\/xinjiang-explainer-chinas-reeducation-camps-for-a-million-muslims\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" style=\"color: rgb(16, 93, 145); text-decoration-line: underline;\" target=\"_blank\">Sup China<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\" style=\"color: rgb(67, 67, 67); font-family: Verdana, Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\" property=\"content:encoded\">\n<p style=\"line-height: 20px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px;\"><strong>Adem yoq<em>&nbsp;\u2014 \u201cEverybody\u2019s gone.\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A human rights atrocity is unfolding in western China, where the \u201centire culture\u201d of Uyghur Muslims is being effectively criminalized, scholars say. Arbitrary detentions in \u201ctransformation through education\u201d camps now&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4137,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-4138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4138"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4138\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4137"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4138"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iuhrdf.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=4138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}